基于案例的中国森林生态系统服务功能评价

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201605.015

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于《森林生态系统服务功能评估规范》(LY/T 1721—2008),搜集得到全国101个案例点的森林生态系统服务功能价值评估数据,并依据价值系数对森林生态系统服务功能进行综合分析.结果表明:中国森林生态系统服务功能单位面积总价值为6.11万元·hm^-2,各项服务功能单位面积价值高低排序为涵养水源(2.44万元·hm^-2)>保育土壤(1.15万元·hm^-2)>生物多样性保护(1.00万元·hm^-2)>固碳释氧(0.98万元·hm^-2)>净化大气环境(0.28万元·hm^-2)>森林游憩(0.23万元·hm^-2)>森林防护(0.19万元·hm^-2)>积累营养物质(0.16万元·hm^-2),其中,涵养水源、保育土壤、生物多样性保护和固碳释氧是中国森林生态系统的主导服务功能.保护区森林生态系统服务功能单位面积价值高于县域,保护区的建立对于生物多样性保护和服务功能的发挥具有促进作用,但其在森林游憩功能上还存在不足,需要进一步提升.不同自然地区森林生态系统的主导服务功能存在差异,各项服务功能在空间上表现出不同的分异特征,其中,华南地区森林生态系统的单位面积总价值最高,为11.36万元·hm^-2.服务功能总价值与森林面积、森林蓄积量之间的幂回归相关系数(R²)分别为0.905(P<0.01)、0.860(P<0.01),说明森林面积和蓄积是影响森林生态系统服务功能及其总价值的两个重要因素;此外,纬度和年均降水量都对服务功能单位面积价值存在显著影响.

Abstract: The data of valuation of forest ecosystem service function (FESF) in 101 primary case studies of China were collected and obtained based on Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China (LY/T 1721—2008). FESF was then analyzed synthetically in terms of value coefficient. The results showed that the average value per unit area (VPUA) of FESF in China was 6.11×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2, and the order of VPUA of each service function was: water conservation (2.44×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> soil conservation (1.15×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> biodiversity conservation (1.00×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> carbon fixation and oxygen release (0.98×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> atmosphere environmental purification (0.28×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> forest recreation (0.23×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> action of forest against natural calamities (0.19×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2)> nutrient accumulation(0.16×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2). Water conservation, soil conservation, biodiversity conservation, carbon fixation and oxygen release were the four dominant service functions of forest ecosystem in China. The VPUA of FESF of the reserve level was higher than that of county level. The establishment of reserves played positive roles in biodiversity conservation and enhancement of service function, but the service function of forest recreation still existed with some insufficiency, and it needed to be further improved. Dominant service functions of forest ecosystem varied in different physicographic regions, and each type of service function presented different differentiation characteristics in space. The VPUA of FESF in South China was the highest up to 11.36×10⁴ yuan·hm^-2. The power regression correlation coefficients (R²) of the total value of FESF with forest area and forest stock volume were 0.905 (P<0.01) and 0.860 (P<0.01), respectively, indicating that forest area and forest stock volume were the two key factors affecting FESF and its total value. Moreover, latitude and mean annual precipitation also had significant effect on the VPUA of FESF.

冯继广, 丁陆彬, 王景升, 姚萍萍, 姚帅臣,王志凯. 基于案例的中国森林生态系统服务功能评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(5): 1375-1382.

FENG Ji-guang, DING Lu-bin, WANG Jing-sheng, YAO Ping-ping, YAO Shuai-chen, WANG Zhi-kai. Case-based evaluation of forest ecosystem service function in China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(5): 1375-1382.

参考文献

[1] Li W-H (李文华), Li F (李飞). Research of Forest Resources in China. Beijing: China Forestry Press, 1996 (in Chinese)
[2] Zhao T-Q (赵同谦), Ouyang Z-Y (欧阳志云), Zheng H (郑华), et al. Forest ecosystem services and their valuation in China. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2004, 19(4): 480-491 (in Chinese)
[3] Liu G-H (刘国华), Fu B-J (傅伯杰). Effects of glo-bal climate change on forest ecosystems. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2001, 16(1): 71-78 (in Chinese)
[4] Wang Y (王叶), Yan X-D (延晓冬). The response of the forest ecosystem in China to global climate change. Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences (大气科学), 2006, 30(5): 1009-1018 (in Chinese)
[5] Research Group of Forestry Sustainable Development in China (中国可持续发展林业战略研究项目组). Conspectus of Research on Forestry Sustainable Development in China. Beijing: China Forestry Press, 2002 (in Chinese)
[6] Jin F (靳芳), Lu S-W (鲁绍伟), Yu X-X (余新晓), et al. Forest ecosystem service and its evaluation in China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2005, 16(8): 1531-1536 (in Chinese)
[7] Liu Y-J (刘永杰), Wang S-C (王世畅), Peng H (彭皓), et al. Evaluation of ecosystem service values of the forests of Shennongjia Nature Reserve. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报), 2014, 25(5): 1431-1438 (in Chinese)
[8] Daily GC. Nature’s Services: Societal Dependence on Natural Ecosystems. Washington DC: Island Press, 1997
[9] Yu X-X (余新晓), Lu S-W (鲁绍伟), Jin F (靳芳), et al. The assessment of the forest ecosystem ser-vices evaluation in China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2005, 25(8): 2096-2102 (in Chinese)
[10] Xu C-L (徐成立), Wang X-B (王雄宾), Yu X-X (余新晓), et al. Assessment of service function of forest ecosystem in Beijing Mountain Areas. Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报), 2010, 38(7): 79-82 (in Chinese)
[11] Zhao J-L (赵金龙), Wang L-X (王泺鑫), Han H-R (韩海荣), et al. Research advances and trends in forest ecosystem services value evaluation. Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志), 2013, 32(8): 2229-2237 (in Chinese)
[12] Wang B (王兵), Ren X-X (任晓旭), Hu W (胡文), et al. Assessment of forest ecosystem services in different areas. Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报), 2010, 38(11): 49-53 (in Chinese)
[13] Wang B (王兵), Ren X-X (任晓旭), Hu W (胡文). Assessment of forest ecosystem services value in China. Scientia Silvae Sinicae (林业科学), 2011, 47(2): 145-153 (in Chinese)
[14] State Forestry Administration of the People’s Republic of China (国家林业局). Specifications for Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Services in China (LY/T 1721—2008). Beijing: China Standards Press, 2008 (in Chinese)
[15] Niu X, Wang B, Liu SR, et al. Economical assessment of forest ecosystem services in China: Characteristics and implications. Ecological Complexity, 2012, 11: 1-11
[16] Liu L-X (刘林馨), Liu C-Z (刘传照), Mao Z-J (毛子军). Evaluation of forest ecosystem service functions in Fenglin Biosphere Nature Reserve, Heilongjiang Province. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 2011, 33(3): 38-44 (in Chinese)
[17] Wang Y-K (汪有奎), Guo S-X (郭生祥), Wang J (汪杰), et al. Estimation of forest ecosystem service value in the Qilian Mountains National Nature Reserve in Gansu of China. Journal of Desert Research (中国沙漠), 2013, 33(6): 1905-1911 (in Chinese)
[18] Liu Y (刘勇), Wang Y-J (王玉杰), Wang Y-Q (王云琦), et al. Value assessment on service function of forest ecosystem in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing City of southwestern China. Journal of Beijing Forestry University (北京林业大学学报), 2013, 35(3): 46-55 (in Chinese)
[19] Liu X-L (刘小林), Zhang S-Z (张宋智), Li H-P (李惠萍), et al. Assessment of forest ecosystem services value of Xiaolongshan region. Journal of Northwest Forestry University (西北林学院学报), 2013, 28(6): 69-74 (in Chinese)
[20] Dong Y-Y (董洋洋), Zhu C-Y (朱春燕), Gao C (高畅), et al. Research on the assessment of the forest ecosystem services evaluation in Yuzhou City. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin (中国农学通报), 2011, 27(32): 186-191 (in Chinese)
[21] Xue P-P (薛沛沛), Wang B (王兵), Niu X (牛香), et al. Forest ecosystem service and its evaluation in Wuning County, Jiangshan City and Shaowu City. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (水土保持学报), 2013, 27(5): 249-254 (in Chinese)
[22] Kreuter UP, Harris HG, Matlock MD, et al. Change in ecosystem service values in the San Antonio area, Texas. Ecological Economics, 2001, 39: 333-346
[23] Wang J-S (王景升), Li W-H (李文华), Ren Q-S (任青山), et al. The value of Tibet’s forest ecosystem services. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2007, 22(5): 831-841 (in Chinese)
[24] Zhao J (赵济), Chen Y-W (陈永文), Han Y-F (韩渊丰). Physical Geography of China. 3rd Ed. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 1995 (in Chinese)
[25] Peng B-F (彭保发), Chen D-L (陈端吕). Spatial differences on ecosystem value of land cover types in Changde City. Economic Geography (经济地理), 2012, 32(1): 141-145 (in Chinese)
[26] Zhang Z-Q (张作钦). BOXPLOT: An easy tool of describing statistics. Statistical Education (统计教育), 2003(1): 34-35 (in Chinese)
[27] Liu X-H (刘晓辉), Lyu X-G (吕宪国), Jiang M (姜明), et al. Research on the valuation of wetland ecosystem services. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2008, 28(11): 5625-5631 (in Chinese)
[28] Scott JM, Davis FW, Mcghie RG, et al. Nature reserves: Do they capture the full range of America’s biological diversity. Ecological Applications, 2001, 11: 999-1007
[29] MA. Ecosystems and Human Well-being. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005
[30] Yang X, Xu M. Biodiversity conservation in Changbai Mountain Biosphere Reserve, northeastern China: Status, problem, and strategy. Biodiversity & Conservation, 2003, 12: 883-903
[31] Tian S-Y (田松英), Wang F (王飞), Chen X (陈霞), et al. Protection of germplasm resources in Changbai Mountain National Nature Reserve and suggestions. Journal of Northeast Forestry University (东北林业大学学报), 2007, 35(7): 66-67 (in Chinese)
[32] Ye H (叶红), Pan L-Y (潘玲阳), Chen F (陈峰), et al. Direct carbon emission from urban residential energy consumption: A case study of Xiamen, China. Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报), 2010, 30(14): 3802 -3811 (in Chinese)
[33] Xie G-D (谢高地), Zhang Y-L (张钇锂), Lu C-X (鲁春霞), et al. Study on valuation of rangeland ecosystem services of China. Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报), 2001, 16(1): 47-53 (in Chinese)
[34] Xiu Z-Z (修珍珍), Wang B (王斌), Yang X-S (杨校生), et al. Assessment of forest ecosystem ser-vices in Miaoshanwu Nature Reserve. Journal of Nanjing Forestry University (Natural Science) (南京林业大学学报: 自然科学版), 2015, 39(4): 81-87 (in Chinese)
[35] Liu D (刘丹). Research on the Impact Factor Analysis of Forest Ecosystem Service Function Based on the Structural Equation Modeling. PhD Thesis. Beijing: Beijing Forest University, 2012 (in Chinese)
[36] Zhang M-Y (张明阳), Wang K-L (王克林), Liu H-Y (刘会玉), et al. Spatio-temporal variation of karst ecosystem service value and its correlation with ambient environmental factors. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture (中国生态农业学报), 2010, 18(1): 189-197 (in Chinese)
[37] You W-B (游巍斌), He D-J (何东进), Wu L-Y (巫丽芸), et al. Spatial-temporal variation of landscape service value and its correlation with ambient environmental factors in mountain resorts. Journal of Mountain Science (山地学报), 2012, 30(1): 113-120 (in Chinese)