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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 3145-3152.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201610.007

• 目次 • 上一篇    下一篇

滨海滩涂地带乌哺鸡竹和淡竹离子含量变化及其与生长及光合作用的关系

李娟1, 高健1*, 孙中元1,2, 李雪平1, 牟少华1   

  1. 1国际竹藤中心, 北京 100102;
    2北京林业勘察设计院, 北京 100029;
  • 收稿日期:2016-04-27 发布日期:2016-10-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: Gaojian@icbr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:李 娟,女,1981年生,助理研究员. 主要从事竹子生理生态研究. E-mail: ljgx2003@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国际竹藤中心基本科研业务经费项目(1632015011)和国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD04B03,2012BAD23B05)资助

Change of ion content in Phyllostachys vivax and Ph. glauca and its relationships with growth and photosynthesis in coastal regions

LI Juan1, GAO Jian1*, SUN Zhong-yuan1,2, LI Xue-ping1, MU Shao-hua1   

  1. 1International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China;
    2Beijing Forestry Survey and Design Institute, Beijing 100029, China;
  • Received:2016-04-27 Published:2016-10-18
  • Contact: * E-mail: Gaojian@icbr.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Basic Scientific Research Fund of ICBR (1632015011) and the National Science and Technology Support Program of China (2015BAD04B03,2012BAD23B05).

摘要: 在沿海滩涂防护林带低盐区(0.1%)、中盐区(0.2%)和重盐区(0.4%) 3个盐分梯度下,研究了栽植10年的乌哺鸡竹和淡竹Na+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量变化及其与生长和光合作用的相关关系.结果表明: 从低盐区到重盐区,乌哺鸡竹的立竹密度和地径分别下降30.4%和28.8%,降幅低于淡竹的44.1%和31.2%;两竹种单株生物量下降,地上器官生物量降幅均显著高于地下器官;乌哺鸡竹和淡竹净光合速率(Pn)和PSⅡ最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)分别下降57.6%和67.7%、6.1%和7.4%,乌哺鸡竹耐盐能力比淡竹强.随着土壤含盐量的增大,乌哺鸡竹和淡竹各器官Na+含量逐渐增加,K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量逐渐降低.两竹种根Na+积累较多,而地上部分K+含量较高.盐胁迫环境导致乌哺鸡竹根Ca2+含量与淡竹叶片Mg2+含量明显下降.两竹种的生物量、PnFv/Fm与Na+含量呈显著负相关,与K+、Ca2+含量呈显著正相关.

关键词: 乌哺鸡竹, 淡竹, 阳离子, 光合作用,

Abstract: The changes of Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+contents of 10 year-old Phyllostachys vivax and Ph. glauca and the relationships with the growth and photosynthesis were investigated in the shelter belt of coastal beach with three salt levels, i.e., 0.1% of mild salinity zone, 0.2% of moderate salinity zone, and 0.4% of severe salinity zone. Compared with the mild salinity zone, bamboo density and diameter of Ph. vivax growing in the severe salinity zone decreased by 30.4% and 28.8%, and such reductions were 44.1% and 31.2% for Ph. glauca, respectively. Salinity decreased the biomass of the two species, and the decrease of biomass in shoots was greater than that in underground organs. Compared with the mild salinity zone, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and the maximum PSⅡ photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of Ph. vivax and Ph. glauca decreased by 57.6% and 67.7%, and 6.1% and 7.4% in the severe salinity zone, respectively. Ph. vivax had stronger salt-tolerance than Ph. glauca in saline environment. Na+ contents in roots, rhizome, stems, and leaves were significantly elevated in Ph. vivax and Ph. glauca with increasing soil salinity, however, the contents of K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were reduced. Na+ was markedly accumulated in roots, and K+ was generally enriched in shoots. Salinity led to an evident decline of Ca2+ in Ph. vivax roots and Mg2+ in Ph. glauca leaves. The biomass, Pn and Fv/Fm of the two species were usually negatively correlated to Na+ content, and positively correlated to K+ and Ca2+ contents.

Key words: Ph. glauca, salt, photosynthesis, Phyllostachys vivax, cation