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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 3667-3674.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.009

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Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓生长发育和生殖的影响

程苗苗1,2,3, 舒迎花1,2,3,4, 王建武1,2,3*   

  1. 1华南农业大学热带亚热带生态研究所, 广州 510642;
    2华南农业大学农业部生态农业重点开放实验室, 广州 510642;
    3华南农业大学广东省高等学校农业生态与农村环境重点实验室, 广州 510642;
    4华南农业大学农学院作物科学技术系, 广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-31 出版日期:2016-11-18 发布日期:2016-11-18
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: wangjw@scau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:程苗苗,女, 1992年生, 硕士. 主要从事转基因作物对非靶标生物安全性评价与分子生态学研究. E-mail: cmmyfd@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31170506, 31470574)资助

Effect of Bt rice straw returning in soil on the growth and reproduction of Eisenia fetida.

CHENG Miao-miao1,2,3, SHU Ying-hua1,2,3,4, WANG Jian-wu1,2,3*   

  1. 1Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Ecology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    2Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Ecological Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Agroecology and Rural Environment of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
    4Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
  • Received:2016-03-31 Online:2016-11-18 Published:2016-11-18
  • Contact: E-mail: wangjw@scau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (31170506, 31470574).

摘要: Bt蛋白能通过转Bt基因作物的秸秆还田进入土壤,进而可能会对土壤动物如蚯蚓的生长发育和生殖造成影响.为评估Bt水稻对赤子爱胜蚓的影响,本文模拟秸秆还田,在土壤中添加2.5%、5%、7.5%和10% Bt水稻(b2B138)及其同源水稻(安丰A)秸秆,分别在饲养赤子爱胜蚓7、15、30、45、60、75和90 d后观测蚯蚓的存活率、相对生长率和生殖情况,以及秸秆土壤混合物和蚯蚓体内的Cry1Ab蛋白含量.结果表明:较高还田量(7.5%和10%)Bt水稻秸秆处理对赤子爱胜蚓存活率有抑制作用;Bt水稻秸秆还田对赤子爱胜蚓的相对生长率没有不利影响;还田量为5%、7.5%和10%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田能促进蚯蚓的生殖.酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)结果表明: 在Bt水稻土壤混合物中,蚯蚓体内均能检测到Cry1Ab蛋白,且前者随着时间延长而显著减少.因此,还田量为2.5%和5%时,Bt水稻秸秆还田释放的Cry1Ab蛋白对赤子爱胜蚓的生长发育和生殖没有不利影响.

关键词: 转基因作物, 生态风险评估, 土壤动物, Bt蛋白

Abstract: Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein can enter the soil through Bt crops straw returning to field, which may affect the growth and reproduction of soil animals, such as earthworms. Here, Bt rice (b2B138) and conventional rice (Anfeng A) straw were returned in soil to evaluate the impact of Bt rice on Eisenia fetida. Two varieties of rice straw were added into soil to breed E. fetida at the rates of 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10%. The survival rate, relative growth rate, reproduction of earthworm, the Cry1Ab content in soil-straw mixture and earthworm were detected after 7, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 d. The results showed that Bt rice straw returning at higher concentrations (7.5% and 10%) inhibited the survival rate of E. fetida. Bt rice straw returning had no adverse effect on relative growth rate (RGR) of E. fetida. Bt rice straw treatment improved the reproduction of earthworms under 5%, 7.5% and 10% straw returning in soil. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results indicated that immunoreactive Cry1Ab was detectable in soil-straw mixture and E. fetida from Bt rice treatments, and a strong decline was observed in soil-straw mixture with the increase of treated time. Therefore, Cry1Ab released from Bt rice straw returning at 2.5% and 5% concentration had no adverse effects on the growth and reproduction of E. fetida.

Key words: genetically modified crops, soil animals, Bt protein, ecological risk assessment