黑河上游排露沟流域不同时期草地蒸散发的日变化

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.012

应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 3495-3504.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.012

黑河上游排露沟流域不同时期草地蒸散发的日变化

王忠富¹, 张兰慧^1*, 王一博¹, 贺缠生^1,2

¹兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室旱区流域科学与水资源研究中心, 兰州 730000;
²美国西密歇根大学地理系, 密歇根卡拉马祖 49008

收稿日期:2016-04-12 出版日期:2016-11-18 发布日期:2016-11-18
通讯作者: E-mail: lhzhang@lzu.edu.cn
作者简介:王忠富, 男, 1991年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事旱区蒸散发研究. E-mail: wangzf10@lzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金重点项目(91125010, 41530752)资助

Diurnal variations of grassland evapotranspiration over different periods in the Pailugou basin in the upper reach of the Heihe River, Northwest China.

WANG Zhong-fu¹, ZHANG Lan-hui^1*, WANG Yi-bo¹, HE Chan-sheng^1,2

¹Center for Dryland Water Resources Research and Watershed Science, Ministry of Educeation Key Laboratory of West China’s Environmental System, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
²Department of Geography, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA

Received:2016-04-12 Online:2016-11-18 Published:2016-11-18
Contact: E-mail: lhzhang@lzu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (91125010, 41530752).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蒸散发是水循环的重要组成部分,但高海拔山区的观测难度导致对于该区实际蒸散发时空变化规律的认识相对缺乏.本文利用称重式蒸渗仪对黑河上游山区排露沟流域的草地蒸散发进行实地观测,研究了不同生长阶段草地蒸散发的日变化规律.结果表明:冻结期蒸发过程为冰雪升华,有着与其他3个时期大为不同的蒸发日变化规律,表现为冰雪升华量在无太阳辐射的时段几乎无变化,在一天中总辐射最大和相对湿度最低的时段,冰雪升华量有所增加.生长前期是一年中的冰雪消融期,以融雪蒸发和土壤蒸发为主.生长期是蒸散发最旺盛的时期,受连续降雨事件的影响,极端大值和极端小值出现于同一时刻.生长后期以土壤蒸发为主,不同于生长前期和生长期蒸散发的日变化呈单峰型,生长后期蒸发的日变化有3个波峰.

关键词: 草地蒸散发, 称重式蒸渗仪, 黑河上游, 日变化规律

Abstract: Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important component of water cycle, but its measurement in high altitude mountainous region is quite difficult, resulting in the poor understanding of the temporal and spatial variations of actual ET in high altitude mountainous region. In this paper, a weighing lysimeter was used to measure the hourly ET in a grassland in the Pailugou basin in the upper reach of the Heihe River, Northwest China. Based on the measured data, diurnal variations of grassland ET over different periods were analyzed. Results indicated that snow and ice sublimation appeared during the freezing period, with a very different diurnal variation pattern compared with other three periods. During the period without sunshine, the amount of snow and ice sublimation was nearly constant. When the highest global radiation and lowest relative humidity appeared in the same period, the amount of snow and ice sublimation increased a little. The early growth period was a period when snow and ice started to melt, during which snowmelt evaporation and soil evaporation occurred at the same time. The growth period had the highest ET rate. Due to continuous rainfall events, maximum and minimum ET values appeared at the same hour. ET in the late growth period mainly came from soil evaporation, producing 3 peaks in diurnal variation, which was different from only one peak in both the early growth period and the growth period.

Key words: grassland evapotranspiration, upper reach of the Heihe River, weighting lysimeter, diurnal variation

王忠富, 张兰慧, 王一博, 贺缠生. 黑河上游排露沟流域不同时期草地蒸散发的日变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(11): 3495-3504.

WANG Zhong-fu, ZHANG Lan-hui, WANG Yi-bo, HE Chan-sheng. Diurnal variations of grassland evapotranspiration over different periods in the Pailugou basin in the upper reach of the Heihe River, Northwest China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2016, 27(11): 3495-3504.

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黑河上游排露沟流域不同时期草地蒸散发的日变化

Diurnal variations of grassland evapotranspiration over different periods in the Pailugou basin in the upper reach of the Heihe River, Northwest China.

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