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应用生态学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 3435-3443.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.024

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中山杉及其父母本幼苗对干旱胁迫和复水的响应

施钦, 殷云龙, 王芝权, 范文才, 华建峰*   

  1. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 南京 210014
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-25 出版日期:2016-11-18 发布日期:2016-11-18
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: jfhua2009@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:施 钦,男,1991年生,硕士研究生.主要从事园林植物与观赏园艺研究. E-mail: shiqin.cnbg@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31570593)、江苏省创新能力建设计划(科技设施类)项目(BM2015019)和江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150551)资助

Response in cuttings of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ and their parents to drought and re-hydration.

SHI Qin, YIN Yun-long, WANG Zhi-quan, FAN Wen-cai, HUA Jian-feng*   

  1. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
  • Received:2016-05-25 Online:2016-11-18 Published:2016-11-18
  • Contact: E-mail: jfhua2009@gmail.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31570593), the Program of Innovation Capacity Construction of Jiangsu Province (BM2015019) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20150551).

摘要: 本文研究了落羽杉和墨杉及其杂交后代中山杉302(落羽杉♀×墨杉♂)、中山杉407(墨杉♀×落羽杉♂)、回交代中山杉118(中山杉302♀×墨杉♂)在自然干旱胁迫和复水过程中,光合特征、抗氧化酶系统和形态特性等的响应.结果表明:随干旱时间的延长,所有植株的净光合速率逐渐降低、脯氨酸开始积累且抗氧化酶系统逐渐清除丙二醛的毒性.胁迫至第8天,落羽杉净光合速率的下降幅度最大,而中山杉118的水分利用效率最高、丙二醛含量最少;墨杉的超氧化物歧化酶活性和脯氨酸含量增长最大.复水2 d后,所有植物的参数均有不同程度的恢复,其中,中山杉118恢复速率最快,其净光合速率和脯氨酸含量分别恢复了74.4%和60.2%.复水9 d后,所有植株的测定指标基本恢复至或接近正常水平,其中,中山杉118的生物量未受影响且根冠比显著增加.植物的耐旱能力依次为墨杉>中山杉118>中山杉407>中山杉302>落羽杉.回交品种中山杉118的杂种优势明显,较大程度地遗传了墨杉的耐旱性,该结论可为耐旱中山杉品种的杂交选育和推广应用提供科学依据.

关键词: 光合作用, 抗氧化系统, 干旱胁迫与恢复, 渗透调节, 中山杉

Abstract: In this study, three different strains of Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’ varieties [T. hybrid 302 (T. distichum♀×T. mucronatum♂), T. hybrid 407 (T. mucronatum♀×T. distichum♂), T. hybrid 118 (T. hybrid 302 ♀×T. macronatum ♂)] and their parents, T. distichum and T. mucronatum, were applied to investigate the response of photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant enzyme systems and morphological characteristics to drought stress and recovery. The results indicated that as drought days were prolonged, all plants’ net photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased, while proline accumulated. Meanwhile, the antioxidases functioned to eliminate malonaldehyde toxicity. On the 8th day, the decrease of Pn of T. distichum was the biggest, T. hybrid 118 plants showed the highest water use efficiency and the smallest MDA content, while T. macronatum plants increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and content of proline. After rewatering for 2 days, all these parameters showed signs of recovery, and the T. hybrid 118 plants showed the fastest recovery rate since their Pn and proline content had recovered for 74.4% and 60.2%, respectively. Then after recovered for 9 days, all tested parameters had almost restored to equivalent levels of CK plants. The total biomass of T. hybrid 118 plants was not affected, while the ratio of root to shoot was significantly (P<0.05) increased. The drought-resistance capacity ranged as T. macronatum>T. hybrid 118>T. hybrid 407>T. hybrid 302>T. distichum plants. In conclusion, the backcross generation T. hybrid 118 plants largely inherited the drought resistance of T. mucronatum, and the result would be instrumental in breeding and popularization of drought-resistant hybrid varieties.

Key words: antioxidase system, osmotic adjustment, photosynthesis, drought and recovery, Taxodium hybrid ‘Zhongshanshan’