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应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (3): 789-796.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201703.004

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夏秋季遮光对山东黄金芽茶树生理生化特性的影响

田月月, 张丽霞*, 张正群, 乔明明, 范延艮   

  1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/泰安市茶叶工程技术研究中心, 山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-19 发布日期:2017-03-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: zlx_sdau@163.com
  • 作者简介:田月月,女,1990年生,硕士研究生.主要从事茶树生理生态与栽培技术研究.E-mail:yueyueer8023@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31501651)、山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2015CQ017)和泰安生态茶园关键技术集成研究及产业化示范项目(201340629)资助

Effects of shading in summer and autumn on physiological and biochemical characteristics of ‘Huangjinya’ in Shandong Province, China

TIAN Yue-yue, ZHANG Li-xia*, ZHANG Zheng-qun, QIAO Ming-ming, FAN Yan-gen   

  1. College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/Tai’an Tea Engineering and Technological Research Center, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2016-07-19 Published:2017-03-18
  • Contact: *E-mail: zlx_sdau@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501651), the Shandong Natural Science Foundation (ZR2015CQ017), and the Key Technology Integration Research and Industrialization Demonstration in Ecological Tea Garden in Tai’an (201340629)

摘要: 选用遮光率分别为55%、70%、85%的黑色、蓝色遮阳网,观测遮光后茶园小气候、茶树叶色、叶绿素荧光参数、茶树生长状况及茶叶生化成分,分析不同遮光处理对山东黄金芽生理生化特性的影响,明确适宜夏秋季的遮光方式.结果表明: 与对照相比,遮光直接降低光照强度,茶园空气温度、叶面温度明显降低,空气湿度则增高;遮光程度越大,黄金芽叶色返绿越明显,叶绿素含量增幅越大;55%遮光处理能保持品种叶色黄化特性,且生化品质较好;而70%遮光率处理茶苗生长势较好,不受光胁迫;与蓝色遮阳网相比,黑色遮光处理能更好地促进茶树生长,保持叶色黄化和提高茶叶品质.黄金芽茶树品种苗期管理宜选择黑色70%遮光率处理(日光合有效辐射为1.2~3.5万lx),以促进茶树生长;成龄后则以黑色55%遮光处理(日光合有效辐射为1.8~5.5万lx)为优,既能保证黄金芽叶色黄化又能提高茶叶生化品质,从而充分发挥其品种特色,实现优质高产目标.

Abstract: In order to ensure the suitable shade model for ‘Huangjinya’ tea plant in Shandong Province, black or blue shading net at 55%, 70% or 85% shading rates was selected to recover tea garden in summer and autumn, then micro-climate of tea garden, leaf color, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, growth status and biochemical composition of tea shoots were investigated.The results showed that compared with the control, light intensity and air temperature in tea garden, leaf temperature of tea plants in different shading treatments significantly decreased, while air humidity in tea garden increased. The contents of chlorophyll in the tea leaves were obviously increased with increasing the shading rate, which resulted in the leaf color becoming green. The yellowing characteristics and biochemical quality of ‘Huangjinya’ tea plants could be well kept in 55% shading treatments. In 70% shading treatments, ‘Huangjinya’ tea plants had better growth situation and higher yield with no photo-inhibition. Compared with the blue shading treatments, black shading treatments could obviously promote the growth of ‘Huangjinya’ tea plants, keep yellowing characteristics, and improve the quality. Therefore, the 70% black shading treatment (daily PAR values of 1.2-3.5 ten thousand lx) was appropriate for promoting the growth of ‘Huangjinya’ tea plants at the seedling stage. For mature tea plants, the 55% black shading treatment (daily PAR values of 1.8-5.5 ten thousand lx) could be used to keep the yellowing characteristics and to improve biochemical quality effectively, so as to give full play to its variety characteristics, to achieve goal of high quality and high yield.