欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 1455-1463.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.034

• 目次 • 上一篇    下一篇

五种西北旱区植物对干旱胁迫的生理响应

丁龙, 赵慧敏, 曾文静, 李晴, 汪洋, 王四清*   

  1. 北京林业大学园林学院/花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室/国家花卉工程技术研究中心/城乡生态环境北京实验室/林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-11 修回日期:2017-03-02 发布日期:2017-05-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: wangsiqing547@sina.com
  • 作者简介:丁龙, 男, 1991年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事新优生态功能性植物引种研究. E-mail: 1229387089@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由北京市共建项目专项(671501006)和青海省科技厅项目(2016-NK-C15)资助

Physiological responses of five plants in northwest China arid area under drought stress

DING Long, ZHAO Hui-min, ZENG Wen-jing, LI Qing, WANG Yang, WANG Si-qing*   

  1. College of Landscape Architecture, Beijing Forestry University/Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation & Molecular Breeding/National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture/Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2016-10-11 Revised:2017-03-02 Published:2017-05-18
  • Contact: *E-mail: wangsiqing547@sina.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Special Foundation for Beijing Common Construction Project, China (671501006), and the Qinghai Science & Technology Department Project, China (2016-NK-C15)

摘要: 以黑果枸杞、金露梅、蒙古莸、柠条和花棒5种西北旱区植物为材料,采用盆栽试验研究了干旱胁迫对植物叶片光合、水分和生理生化的影响.结果表明: 随干旱胁迫时间的延长,5种植物叶片的保水力均升高,叶片相对含水量先升后降,叶绿素含量和叶绿素荧光参数均不同程度地降低,花棒和黑果枸杞的光合系统受到的影响最小,金露梅的光合系统受损最严重.干旱胁迫后金露梅叶片的电导率和丙二醛含量先降低后急剧上升,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性先升高后急剧降低.其余4种植物随土壤含水量的降低电导率先升后降,丙二醛含量先升后降或先降后升,SOD和POD活性总体呈上升趋势,其中蒙古莸SOD活性和花棒POD活性在所有植物中升幅最大,干旱28 d后分别升至为胁迫前的2.1、14.1倍.随胁迫时间的延长,5种植物各有机溶质的积累量存在较大差异,金露梅积累最多的可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸,28 d后分别增至为原来的2.1、23.4倍,花棒积累最多的可溶性蛋白,28 d后增至为原来的2.0倍.隶属函数法表明,植物耐旱能力为花棒>黑果枸杞>柠条>蒙古莸>金露梅.5种旱区植物可通过提高抗氧化酶活性和积累有机溶质对干旱胁迫进行积极的反馈,以减轻细胞受到的伤害.金露梅对水分亏缺的敏感性最高,试验期间其干旱程度已经超出了自身调节能力的阈值.

Abstract: Effects of drought stress on photosynthetic characteristics, water status, physiological and biochemical indexes were studied in five arid area plants in northwest China, including Potentilla fruticosa, Lycium ruthenicum, Caryopteris mongholica, Caragana korshinskii and Hedysarum scoparium, using pot experiments. The results showed that with the prolongation of drought stress, the water conservation capacity of leaves totally increased in above five plants, the leaf relative water content rose first and then fell, and the relative chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters decreased to some extent. Overall, the photosynthetic system of H. scoparium and L. ruthenicum least affected by the stress, and P. fruticosa suffered with the most serious damage. The electric conductivity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of P. fruticosa firstly decreased and then sharply increased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities firstly increased and then dramatically decreased. With the decrease of soil water content, the electric conductivity rose firstly and then fell in the other four plants,the change of MDA content rose first and then fell, or fell first and then rose, and the activities of SOD and POD almost displayed upward trend. Especially, SOD activity of C. mongholica and POD activity of H. scoparium had the biggest increment among the five plants after 28 days of drought stress, increasing by 1.1 and 13.1 times respectively, compared with before processing. Additionally, there was significant variance in the accumulation of organic solutes among the five plants during the drought stress treatment. The accumulation of soluble sugar and free proline was the most in P. fruticosa, increasing by 1.1 and 22.4 times respectively, after 28 days of drought treatment. H. sco-parium accumulated the most soluble protein, increasing by 1.0 times after 28 days of drought treatment. The result of membership function method showed that the drought tolerance decreased in order of H. scopariumL. ruthenicum C. korshinskii C. mongholica P. fruticosa. The research revealed that all five plants could make positive response to drought stress through improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes and accumulating organic solutes, which could help to reduce cell damage. P. fruticos was most sensitive to water deficit in the five plants, and the degree of drought had exceeded its own regulated capacity threshold during the experiment.