Abstract: Ecosystem accounting aims at integrating the value and amount of ecosystem services and ecosystem assets into the system of national accounts and integrating ecosystem protection targets into social and economic decision-making, in order to realize the coordinated development of ecologi-cal environment and economic society. This paper reviewed the fundamental problems of ecosystem accounting, designing of ecosystem accounts, and valuation method. First, through the interpretation of ecosystem services and its classification, this paper illustrated the process of ecosystem based on the perspective of final ecosystem service, and extended the production boundary of System of National Accounts (SNA). Second, this paper designed ecosystem asset account, ecosystem production account, and supply-use account, and then compared the different impacts of the production scale extension methods on the production accounts. Third, this paper distinguished the valuation method based on exchange value from the one based on welfare economic theory, and pointed out that accounting methods based on the exchange value were consistent with SNA. Finally, it summarized the deficiencies in current researches, and prospects for future study.