基于黑土农田生物多样性监测样地的地表大型节肢动物群落特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201712.037

应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (12): 3965-3975.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201712.037

基于黑土农田生物多样性监测样地的地表大型节肢动物群落特征

刘洁^{1, 2}, 高梅香³, 吴东辉^{1, 2*}

¹吉林大学地球科学学院, 长春 130061
²中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 湿地生态与环境重点实验室, 长春 130102
³哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院, 哈尔滨 150025

收稿日期:2017-06-21 出版日期:2017-12-18 发布日期:2017-12-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: wudonghui@iga.ac.cn
作者简介:刘洁,女,1990年生,博士研究生.主要从事土地利用与生物多样性研究.E-mail:liujie@iga.ac.cn
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金重点项目(41430857)资助

Characteristics of ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropod communities in a biodiversity monitoring plot of black soil cropland, northeastern China

LIU Jie^1,2, GAO Mie-xiang³, WU Dong-hui^1,2*

¹College of Earth Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130061, China
²Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agro-ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
³College of Geographical Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025,China

Received:2017-06-21 Online:2017-12-18 Published:2017-12-18
Contact: * E-mail: wudonghui@iga.ac.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (41430857)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农田生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,是全球生态与环境研究的关键区之一.为了研究农田生物群落构建过程,探索其多样性维持机理,本研究于2015年在东北典型黑土区建立了16 hm²的农田生物多样性监测样地,按照作物生长期,于玉米生长大喇叭口期(8月初)、抽穗期(9月初)和成熟期(10月初)对陷阱法获取的地表大型节肢动物进行了统计分析.结果表明: 3次调查共获得地表大型节肢动物5284只,隶属于节肢动物门3纲12目32科47种.调查中优势类群3类,常见类群11类.节肢动物营养功能群中植食性和杂食性节肢动物所占比重较大.地表大型节肢动物物种数量和个体数量随作物生长期有显著变化.9月初节肢动物的Shannon多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数相对较高,8月初Simpson优势度指数较高.从不同物种的变异系数(CV)及群落空间插值可以看出,节肢动物群落在水平方向上存在异质性.在与土壤环境因子关系上,双变量相关分析表明,不同月份地表大型节肢动物总个体数与土壤pH值、有机质、全氮、含水量的相关性均未达到显著性水平;典范对应分析(CCA)进一步表明,优势类群和常见类群对环境因子具有较强的适应能力,在研究区内分布广泛.农田生物多样性监测样地内地表节肢动物物种组成丰富,在作物不同生长时期地表节肢动物群落组成及空间分布格局具有明显的变化过程.农田生物多样性监测样地通过大尺度、长时间对样地内土壤动物空间过程进行监测,可以为解决群落生物多样性形成和维持机制提供重要手段.

Abstract: Agro-ecosystem is an important component of terrestrial ecosystems and it is one of the key areas of global ecological and environmental studies. A 16 hm² permanent plot in black soil cropland was built to study the community structure of soil biodiversity in typical black soil region in Northeast China. Pitfall trap was used to investigate the ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropods from August to October 2015 in accordance with the three crop growth stages: whirling stage, silking stage, and milk stage. A total of 5284 ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropods belonging to 47 species were captured sorted into 3 classes, 12 orders, 32 families. 3 dominant groups and 11 common groups were found. Phytophages and Omnivores were dominant groups. The individuals and species numbers of ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropods had significant changes with the vegetative growth period. The maximum values of the Shannon index, Margalef index, Pielou index of soil macro-arthropods all appeared in September, but the maximum dominant index appeared in August. From the variation coefficient (CV) and spatial interpolation of different species, it could be seen that there was heterogeneity in the horizontal direction of the ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropod communities. Regarding the relationships between the ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropod communities and soil environmental factors including soil pH, soil organic matter, total nitrogen and soil water content, the bivariate correlation analysis showed there was no significant correlation between them. Results of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) further indicated that the dominant and common groups were adaptable to environmental factors and widely distributed in the study area. The results showed that the species richness of ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropods was very high in cropland, and the dynamic of soil arthropod’s composition and spatial distribution pattern in diffe-rent crop growth stages were significantly changed. It was indicated that biodiversity plot monitoring of black soil cropland had become important means to solve the formation and maintenance mechanism of soil fauna community through large-scale and long-term investigation.

刘洁, 高梅香, 吴东辉. 基于黑土农田生物多样性监测样地的地表大型节肢动物群落特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(12): 3965-3975.

LIU Jie, GAO Mie-xiang, WU Dong-hui. Characteristics of ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropod communities in a biodiversity monitoring plot of black soil cropland, northeastern China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(12): 3965-3975.

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基于黑土农田生物多样性监测样地的地表大型节肢动物群落特征

Characteristics of ground-dwelling soil macro-arthropod communities in a biodiversity monitoring plot of black soil cropland, northeastern China

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