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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 149-157.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201801.021

• 目次 • 上一篇    下一篇

外源调节剂对淹涝水稻幼苗株高及碳水化合物消耗的影响

武辉, 向镜, 陈惠哲, 张玉屏, 张义凯, 朱德峰*   

  1. 中国水稻研究所水稻生物学国家重点实验室, 杭州 310006
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-10 出版日期:2018-01-18 发布日期:2018-01-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: cnrice@qq.com
  • 作者简介:武辉, 男, 1987年生, 博士. 主要从事作物高产栽培及逆境生理研究. E-mail: wuhuiscience@163. com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203032)、现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01-026)、国家自然科学基金项目(31501272)和2015年浙江省三农六方项目资助

Effects of exogenous growth regulators on plant elongation and carbohydrate consumption of rice seedlings under submergence.

WU Hui, XIANG Jing, CHEN Hui-zhe, ZHANG Yu-ping, ZHANG Yi-kai, ZHU De-feng*   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
  • Received:2017-01-10 Online:2018-01-18 Published:2018-01-18
  • Contact: * E-mail: cnrice@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203032), the China Modern Agriculture Research System (CARS-01-026), the National Natural Science Foundation (31501272) and the “San-Nong-Liu-Fang” Research Plan of Zhejiang Province.

摘要: 为研究淹涝条件下水稻幼苗株高及碳水化合物消耗对不同外源生长调节剂的响应,本试验选用籼型常规稻IR64和导入耐淹涝基因Sub1的IR64-Sub1为试验材料,秧龄20 d时喷施1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸(ACC)、多效唑(PB)、赤霉素(GA)3种外源生长调节剂,以喷施清水为对照(CK).喷施处理2 d后进行0、4、8、12、16 d没顶淹涝胁迫,淹涝胁迫结束后常温恢复7 d,取样分析不同外源生长调节剂对水稻成活率、株高、叶绿素降解及恢复、地上部非结构性碳水化合物(NSC)消耗的影响.结果表明: 淹涝导致水稻幼苗株高显著增长,叶片SPAD值快速下降,叶片可溶性糖迅速消耗,但耐淹涝品种IR64-Sub1淹水前茎鞘NSC含量明显高于IR64,淹涝中NSC消耗速率低于IR64,淹水结束后地上部淀粉含量高于IR64.外源PB处理显著抑制水稻幼苗株高增长、叶绿素降解及NSC消耗,提高存活率,且对IR64-Sub1效果更为显著.外源GA处理水稻幼苗叶绿素降解、株高增长和NSC消耗最快,植株恢复能力最低,耐淹涝能力最差,但与IR64相比,GA对IR64-Sub1淹涝耐性的抑制明显减弱.外源ACC促进伸长效果明显低于外源GA处理.淹水前喷施PB可有效抑制植株水下伸长,延缓叶绿素降解,减缓NSC消耗,保留更多NSC,为淹水胁迫解除后水稻快速恢复提供有利条件,这对于易涝地区减轻涝渍危害具有重要意义.

Abstract: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of exogenous regulators on plant elongation and carbohydrate consumption of rice seedlings under submergence. IR64 and IR64-Sub1 with submergence tolerance gene Sub1 were used. Twenty-day-old seedlings were sprayed with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), paclobutrazol (PB), gibberellic acid (GA), or distilled water (as control) two days prior to the submergence. Plants were completely submerged and water depth was maintained for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 days respectively in tanks. The plants were allowed to recover for seven days after submergence. We investigated the effects of ACC, PB, and GA on the survival percentage, shoot elongation, chlorophyll degradation and recovery, as well as non-structure carbohydrate (NSC) consumption. The results showed that complete submergence resulted in significant elongation of plant shoots, rapid decline of SPAD, and quick depletion of soluble sugars in leaves. However, the initial NSC content in shoots of IR64-Sub1 was higher than that of IR64, and the consumption rate during submergence was lower, and the starch content in shoots maintained after submergence was higher. PB could significantly enhance rice seedling survival by reducing plant elongation, chlorophyll degradation and NSC consumption, and the effect of PB pretreatment on IR64-Sub1 was more pronounced. Conversely, GA increased plant elongation, leaf chlorophyll degradation and depletion of NSC, which resulted in the lowest recovery capability and survival percentage. However, the inhibition of GA on submergence tolerance of IR64-Sub1 was much poorer compared with IR64. Plant elongation treated by ACC was much lower than by GA. In conclusion, PB could restrain plant elongation effectively, retarding chlorophyll degradation, decelerating NSC consumption and retaining more NSC after de-submergence. The results suggested that PB could increase rapid recovery of rice after submergence stress which was of significance in alleviating flood and waterlogging injury in flash-flood-prone areas.