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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 1140-1146.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201804.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干热区小粒咖啡提质增产的灌水和遮荫耦合模式

刘小刚1*, 李义林1, 齐韵涛1, 程金焕2, 杨启良1, 刘艳伟1   

  1. 1昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院, 昆明 650500;
    2云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所, 云南保山 678025;
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-22 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: liuxiaogangjy@126.com
  • 作者简介:刘小刚, 男, 1977年生, 教授, 博士. 主要从事农业节水理论与新技术研究. E-mail: liuxiaogangjy@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(51469010,51109102,51769010)、云南省应用基础研究项目(2014FB130)和云南省教育厅重点项目(2011Z035)资助

Coupling mode of irrigation and shading for good quality and proper yield of Coffea arabica in dry-hot region

LIU Xiao-gang1*, LI Yi-lin1, QI Yun-tao1, CHENG Jin-huan2, YANG Qi-liang1, LIU Yan-wei1   

  1. 1Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China;
    2Tropical and Subtropical Economic Crops Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan 678025, Yunnan, China;
  • Received:2017-09-22 Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-18
  • Contact: * E-mail: liuxiaogangjy@126.com
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51109102, 51469010, 51769010), the Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province (2014FB130) and the Key Project of Education Department in Yunnan Province (2011Z035).

摘要: 通过大田试验研究了灌水量分别为充分灌水的100%(CI)、75% (DI75)和50% (DI50)3个灌水水平和光照强度分别为自然光的100%(T100)、70% (T70)、55% (T55)和40% (T40)4个遮荫水平对小粒咖啡生长、产量及品质的影响,并建立了不同灌水和遮荫水平下小粒咖啡产量和品质的综合效益评价模型.结果表明: 与CI相比,DI75增加小粒咖啡干豆中脂肪和绿原酸含量6.0%和10.2%,DI50显著增加咖啡因含量,而降低水分利用效率.与T100相比,T70增加干豆产量和水分利用效率27.2%和26.8%,增加干豆中总糖和绿原酸含量6.3%和5.5%.而T55和T40显著减少干豆产量、水分利用效率,以及干豆中咖啡因和绿原酸含量.与CIT100相比,DI75T70提高干豆产量和水分利用效率28.0%和44.5%,增加咖啡干豆中总糖、蛋白质、脂肪和绿原酸含量分别为12.2%、14.7%、6.6%和10.0%,而减小咖啡因含量8.3%.综合分析表明,DI75T70(灌水量为充分灌水的75%和70%的自然光照)的产量和品质的综合效益最优,可以实现小粒咖啡的优质高产和节水高效.

Abstract: In a field experiment with three levels of irrigation, i.e., CI, DI75 and DI50(100%, 75% and 50% full irrigation) and four levels of shade, i.e., T100, T70, T55 and T40(100%, 70%, 55% and 40% natural radiation), the effects of irrigation and shading levels on growth, yield and quality of Coffea arabica were examined. The comprehensive benefit evaluation model was established under different irrigation and shading levels. The results showed that DI75 treatment increased the contents of fat and chlorogenic acid in dry bean by 6.0% and 10.2%, DI50 treatment significantly increased the content of caffeine of dry bean, but reduced water use efficiency. Compared with T100, T70 treatment increased the yield of dry bean and water use efficiency by 27.2% and 26.8%, respectively, and increased total sugar and chlorogenic acid content in dry bean by 6.3% and 5.5%. T55 and T40 treatments significantly reduced the yield of dry bean, water use efficiency, and the contents of caffeine and chlorogenic acid of dry bean. Compared with CIT100, DI75T70 treatment increased dry bean yield and water use efficiency by 28.0% and 44.5%, and increased the contents of total sugar, protein, fat and chlorogenic acid of dry bean by 12.2%, 14.7%, 6.6% and 10.0%, respectively, but reduced the concentration of caffeine by 8.3%. The comprehensive benefit of yield and quality of DI75T70 treatment (75% full irrigation, 70% natural radiation) was the best, which could implement good quality and proper yield of C. arabica.