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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 2713-2720.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201808.039

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

膜下滴灌不同灌水控制下限对设施土壤团聚体养分、酶活性和球囊霉素含量的影响

马建辉, 叶旭红, 韩昌东, 王丹蕾, 张玉玲, 虞娜, 邹洪涛*, 张玉龙   

  1. 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院/农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室/土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 沈阳 110866
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-19 出版日期:2018-08-20 发布日期:2018-08-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: zouhongtao2001@163.com
  • 作者简介:马建辉,男,1990年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事设施地节水灌溉和土壤生态研究. E-mail: JianhMa@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD23B0203)、辽宁省高等学校创新人才支撑计划项目、辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目和辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2015051)资助

Effects of different low limits of irrigation on nutrients, enzyme activity and glomalin-rela-ted soil protein in soil aggregates of drip irrigation under plastic film.

MA Jian-hui, YE Xu-hong, HAN Chang-dong, WANG Dan-lei, ZHANG Yu-ling, YU Na, ZOU Hong-tao*, ZHANG Yu-long   

  1. College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Northeast China), Ministry of Agriculture/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Shenyang 110866, China.
  • Received:2017-11-19 Online:2018-08-20 Published:2018-08-20
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Science & Technology Support Program of China (2015BAD23B0203), Foundation for High-level Talents in Higher Education of Liaoning Province, Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program, and the Cultivation for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (2015051).

摘要: 灌溉是设施土壤水分的主要来源,但膜下滴灌条件下设施土壤团聚体养分、酶活性和球囊霉素的分布特征等缺乏系统的研究.本文以连续6年不同灌水下限20 kPa(D20)、30 kPa(D30)和40 kPa(D40)下的膜下滴灌设施土壤为研究对象,分析了灌水下限对土壤团聚体稳定性及其脲酶、蔗糖酶、有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和球囊霉素(GRSP)含量的差异.结果表明:不同灌水下限显著影响各粒级团聚体的分布,其中与D20和D40相比,D30显著减少了微团聚体(<0.25 mm)含量,促进了大团聚体(>0.25 mm)的形成;且在D30处理下土壤团聚体的稳定性也显著提高,表现为水稳性团聚体平均质量直径(MWD)分别比D20和D40提高了26.4%和13.4%.不同团聚体中的碳、氮、磷及GRSP含量也显著不同,SOC、TN、TP、GRSP含量在2~1 mm、1~0.25 mm、< 0.053 mm粒径中含量较高.总体来说,1~0.25 mm粒径团聚体SOC、TN、TP对全土的贡献率最高,分别达46.5%、53.3%、37.7%.不同团聚体中脲酶和蔗糖酶活性随粒径减少而逐渐增加,其中D30和D40处理显著增加了土壤团聚体酶活性,且1~0.25 mm粒径团聚体对全土酶活性的贡献率最高,分别达38.7%、41.2%.相关分析结果表明,土壤团聚体MWD与GRSP、SOC和脲酶活性之间呈显著正相关,且GRSP含量与SOC和脲酶活性也呈极显著正相关.综上,将土壤水吸力30 kPa设为灌水下限,有利于提高设施土壤团聚体稳定性,并增强团聚体对其中养分、酶活性和球囊霉素的保护作用.

Abstract: Irrigation is the main source of soil water in greenhouse. There is a lack of understanding on the effects of drip irrigation under the plastic film on the distribution characteristics of soil nutrients, enzyme activity and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) in soil aggregates. The effects of different irrigation low limits (20 kPa, D20; 30 kPa, D30; 40 kPa, D40) on soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), urease activity, invertase activity and GRSP in soil aggregates were investigated under the greenhouse with the continuously six years’ irrigation. The results showed that compared with D20 and D40 treatments, D30 treatment significantly decreased the proportion of micro-aggregate (<0.25 mm), increased the proportion of macro-aggregate (>0.25 mm), and improved the mean mass diameter (MWD) by 26.4% and 13.4%, respectively. The concentrations of SOC, TN, TP and GRSP were relatively higher in 2-1 mm, 1-0.25 mm, and <0.053 mm aggregates. About 46.5% of SOC, 53.3% of TN and 37.7% of TP were distributed in the 1-0.25 mm aggregates. The urease and invertase activities were increased with the decreases in the size of aggregates, which were significantly increased in D30 and D40 treatments. The 1-0.25 mm aggregates had highest contributions to enzyme activities, with 38.7% of urease and 41.2% of invertase in bulk soil. Results from the correlation analysis showed that MWD was highly positively correlated with GRSP, SOC and urease activity, and the concentration of GRSP was highly positively correlated with SOC and urease activity. Therefore, the irrigation low limits of 30 kPa promoted soil aggregate stability and protection of soil aggregates to nutrients, enzyme activities and GRSP in greenhouse.