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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 3377-3384.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201810.008

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

页岩气开发区井场开发对土地利用和生物量的影响

陈宏坤1, 杜显元1, 郭宇2, 张心昱3,4*, 吴骞5, 王秋兵2, 贺吉安6, 马良7   

  1. 1石油石化污染物控制与处理国家重点实验室/中国石油安全环保技术研究院, 北京 102206;
    2沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 沈阳 110866;
    3中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
    4中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100190;
    5哈尔滨师范大学地理科学学院, 哈尔滨 150025;
    6中国石油川庆钻探工程有限公司, 成都 610056;
    7中国石油浙江油田分公司, 杭州 310007
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-30 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: zhangxy@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:陈宏坤,男,1977年生,高级工程师.主要从事石油行业生态和场地环境调查与修复技术研究.E-mail: 30015920@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05040002-005-001,2016ZX05040002-001-004)和中国石油天然气气团公司重大科技专项(2016E-1205)资助

Influences of shale gas well-pad development on land use and vegetation biomass in a shale gas mining area

CHEN Hong-kun1, DU Xian-yuan1, GUO Yu2, ZHANG Xin-yu3,4*, WU Qian5, WANG Qiu-bing2, HE Ji-an6, MA Liang7   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Pollution Control, CNPC Research Institute of Safety and Environment Technology, Beijing 102206, China;
    2College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China;
    3Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    4College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;
    5College of Geographic Science, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China;
    6CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Company Limited, Chengdu 610056, China;
    7CNPC Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Hangzhou 310007, China
  • Received:2018-04-30 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (2016ZX05040002-005-001, 2016ZX05040002-001-004) and the China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation Major Scientific and Technological Project (2016E-1205)

摘要: 在我国四川页岩气开发区井场周围受人类活动影响较大的村镇、农田,页岩气开发对土地利用变化、植被生物量影响还不清楚.本研究利用2012、2017年遥感影像解译及2017年地面样方调查数据,分析页岩气开发区的井场、缓冲区土地利用和生物量变化,分析页岩气井区的影响范围及其造成的植被生物量损失.结果表明: 2012—2017年间,页岩气开发使93.81 hm2土地转化为工矿用地,其中,近一半(48.6%)为旱地(45.61 hm2),17.2%为有林地(16.13 hm2)、11.0%为居民点(10.28 hm2)、11.1%为灌木林地(10.39 hm2);页岩气井区开发阶段影响范围在0~50 m,在进入稳产阶段后影响范围减少;页岩气开发造成研究区植被生物量损失2477.53 t,其中,71.6%由井场直接压占造成,其余(28.4%)由井场附属道路及临时占地引起.页岩气井场直接压占旱地和有林地是页岩气开发区土地利用变化和生物量损失的重要原因.本研究可为该区域的生态环境管理、页岩气开发的可持续发展提供科学依据.

Abstract: It is not clear how shale gas mining would affect land use change and vegetation biomass in the villages and farmlands where was substantially influenced by human activities around the well-pads of the shale gas mining areas in Sichuan Province. Using remote sensing and image interpretation in 2012 and 2017 and in situ vegetation investigation data in 2017, we analyzed the changes of land use and biomass in well-drilling fields and buffer zones and further examined the extent affected by well-drilling and subsequently vegetation biomass loss. The results showed that shale gas mining had converted 93.81 hm2 of land to mining land from 2012 to 2017, among which almost half (48.6%) was dry land (about 45.61 hm2), 17.2% forest land (16.13 hm2), 11.0% residential land (10.28 hm2), and 11.1% shrubland (10.39 hm2). The extent affected by well-drilling ranged from 0 to 50 m at the early stage, which decreased at the stage of stable gas production. As a result of well-drilling, over 2477.53 t of vegetation biomass was lost, of which 71.6% being accounted for by the well-drilling fields and the remaining (28.4%) being caused by road construction and temporary land use. Direct occupation of dry land and forested land by shale gas well-pads mainly caused land use changes and biomass losses in this shale gas mining area. Our results have implications for ecological environment management and shale gas sustainable mining in this area.