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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (10): 3337-3346.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201810.016

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于土地利用/覆盖变化的中国大陆沿海地区生态状况评价

孟紫琪1,2, 龙凌波1,2, 佘倩楠1,2, 程丹阳1, 刘敏1,2,3*   

  1. 1华东师范大学生态与环境科学学院, 上海 200241;
    2华东师范大学上海市城市化生态过程与生态恢复重点实验室, 上海 200241;
    3崇明生态研究院, 上海 200062
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-07 出版日期:2018-10-20 发布日期:2018-10-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: mliu@re.ecnu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:孟紫琪,女,1995年生,硕士研究生.主要从事海岸带地区生态环境研究. E-mail: zqmeng_mzq@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家重点研发计划专项(2017YFC0505800)和上海市“科技创新行动计划”项目(17295810603)资助

Assessment of ecological conditions over China’s coastal areas based on land use/cover change

MENG Zi-qi1,2, LONG Ling-bo1,2, SHE Qian-nan1,2, CHENG Dan-yang1, LIU Min1,2,3*   

  1. 1School of Ecological and Environment Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    2Shanghai Key Laboratory for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
    3Institute of Eco-Chongming, Shanghai 200062, China
  • Received:2018-03-07 Online:2018-10-20 Published:2018-10-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan, China (2017YFC0505800) and the Scientific Research Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, China (17295810603)

摘要: 研究沿海地区土地利用变化及其对生态状况的影响,对于了解区域生态状况演变乃至全球变化具有重要意义.本研究以中国大陆沿海地区1980、1990、1995、2000、2005、2010和2015年7期土地利用/覆盖、高程及基础地理信息数据为关键数据源,利用生态等级指数法,对10个省级行政单位56个城市的生态状况进行综合评价,分析其时间动态演变和空间分异特征,深入探讨了高程分异及海陆梯度对我国大陆沿海地区生态状况的影响.结果表明:1980—2015年间,我国大陆沿海地区生态状况基本稳定,呈现逐步恶化、局部改善的特征.我国大陆沿海地区生态状况大致以杭州湾为界,呈南高北低的空间分异特征.大陆沿海地区生态等级指数高程分异显著,海拔<10 m的地区生态状况相对较差,海拔<30 m的区域在研究时段内生态状况的恶化趋势最为明显;研究区生态状况随着海拔的升高而增加,且海拔>400 m区域的生态状况在研究时段内呈现逐步好转的趋势.大陆沿海地区生态等级指数在海陆方向上亦存在梯度特征,自陆向海呈现高-低-高模式,距海10 km处生态状况变化最为显著,且随着距海距离的增加而降低.

Abstract: Studying the changes of land use and its impacts on ecological condition in coastal areas is of great significance for understanding the evolution of the regional ecological conditions and even global change. In this study, the study area encompassed 10 provincial administrative units of China’s coastal areas, covering a total of 56 cities. Based on the land use and land cover data in 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 and the corresponding elevation data, we assessed ecological conditions and its temporal dynamic evolution and spatial differentiation characteristics with the ecological grade index method. The effects of the elevation differentiation and land-sea gradient on the ecological condition in China’s coastal areas were analyzed. The results showed that the ecological conditions of China’s coastal areas were basically stable and deteriorated on the whole although partially improved from 1980 to 2015. With Hangzhou Bay as a boundary-belt, ecological conditions in southern parts were better than that in the northern parts. The ecological grade index differed significantly with the variation of elevation. The areas with elevation below 10 m were in rela-tively poor ecological condition, and the regions below 30 m had the most obvious changes of ecological conditions. Moreover, the ecological conditions increased with elevation, with a gradual turnaround trend of improvement at above 400 m. There was a gradient characteristic of the ecological grade index in China’s coastal areas, showing a high-low-high pattern from land to sea. Furthermore, the maximum value of ecological condition changes appeared at a distance of 10 km to the coastline, and the values decreased with the increasing of distance to the coastline.