基于生境质量的唐县生态安全格局构建

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201903.007

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 生态安全格局作为景观生态学的重点及热点,其识别与构建对维持区域生态安全及实现区域可持续发展具有重要作用.本研究以河北省唐县为研究区,基于2016年土地利用现状数据,利用InVEST模型评估生境质量,确定生态源地;然后选取土地利用类型、生境质量指数、植被覆盖度、距水域距离、距居民点距离、距道路距离等阻力因子构建阻力表面,并采用阻力阈值法进行生态安全分区;最后运用最小累积阻力模型(MCR)判定生态廊道,从而综合构建唐县生态安全格局.结果表明: 唐县生态源地占总面积的3.3%,主要分布在斑块面积较大的林地和水域中,河北省四大水库之一的西大洋水库也位于生态源地范围内;根据耗费阻力突变点,将研究区划分为禁止开发区、限制开发区、优化开发区和重点开发区,各区占地百分比分别为18.9%、43.6%、27.6%和9.9%;唐县潜在生态廊道总长度为333.52 km,优化后生态廊道总长度为263.91 km,有助于各种生态交流.研究结果对唐县土地资源的合理可持续利用具有重要指导意义,可为唐县土地规划布局决策提供理论和技术支撑.

关键词: 生态源地, 生态安全格局, 生态廊道, 生境质量, 唐县

Abstract: As the key and hot topic in landscape ecology, ecological security pattern plays an important role in maintaining regional ecological security and achieving regional sustainable development. Based on land use data of 2016, we used the InVEST model to evaluate the habitat quality of Tang County to determine the ecological source. The resistance surface was constructed by selecting the resistance factors such as land use type, habitat quality index, vegetation coverage, distance to water, distance to settlements, distance to roads, with the resistance threshold being used to partition the ecological security pattern. Finally, the ecological security pattern of Tang County was constructed by determining the ecological corridor with the MCR model. The results showed that the ecological source of Tang County accounted for 3.3% of the total area, mainly distributed in forest land and waters with large plaque area, and the Western Ocean Reservoir (one of the four major reservoirs in Hebei Province). According to the cost resistance mutation point, the research region could be divided into prohibited development zone, restricted development zone, optimized development zone, and key development zone. The percentage of each zone was 18.9%, 43.6%, 27.6% and 9.9%, respectively. The total length of the potential ecological corridors in Tang County was 333.52 km, and was 263.91 km after optimization, which was helpful for various ecological exchanges. Our results had important guiding significance for the rational and sustainable use of land resources in Tang County, and could provide theoretical and technical supports for the decision-making of land planning and layout in Tang County.

Key words: ecological security pattern, Tang County, ecological source, habitat quality, ecological corridor

郝月, 张娜, 杜亚娟, 王熠辉, 郑艳东, 张长春. 基于生境质量的唐县生态安全格局构建[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 1015-1024.

HAO Yue, ZHANG Na, DU Ya-juan, WANG Yi-hui, ZHENG Yan-dong, ZHANG Chang-chun. Construction of ecological security pattern based on habitat quality in Tang County, Hebei, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(3): 1015-1024.

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