塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘防护林和自然群落中多枝柽柳的光合特征及水分利用效率

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201903.023

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 768-776.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201903.023

塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘防护林和自然群落中多枝柽柳的光合特征及水分利用效率

邢鹏^1,2, 臧永新^1,2, 闵孝君^1,2, 巴贺贾依娜尔·铁木尔别克^1,2, 马剑英^1*

¹中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室/中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2018-07-16 出版日期:2019-03-20 发布日期:2019-03-20
通讯作者: E-mail: jyma@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:邢鹏,男,1992年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事植物生态学研究. E-mail: xingpeng16@mails.ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
本文由中国科学院特色研究所主要服务项目(TSS-2015-014-FW-5-1)、国家自然科学基金项目(41671207)和千人计划新疆项目(第九批)资助

Photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of Tamarix ramosissima in shelterbelt and natural communities in south fringe of Taklamakan Desert, China

XING Peng^1,2, ZANG Yong-xin^1,2, MIN Xiao-jun^1,2, Bahjayrarl Timurbuick^1,2, MA Jian-ying^1*

¹Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Biological Resources in Arid Area, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2018-07-16 Online:2019-03-20 Published:2019-03-20
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Main Service Project of Characteristic Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences (TSS-2015-014-FW-5-1), National Natural Science Foundation of China (41671207), and the 9th Thousand Talents Program of Xinjiang.

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 干旱区植物的生长和生存主要受水分限制,采用滴灌方式对防护林植物进行水分补给是维持人工生态屏障稳定性的重要手段.本研究通过测定塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘防护林和自然群落多枝柽柳的气体交换参数和稳定性碳同位素值,研究不同水分来源多枝柽柳的光合特征和水分利用效率.结果表明: 滴灌群落多枝柽柳受灌溉和土壤盐分的影响水势普遍较低;自然群落多枝柽柳清晨和正午水势较其他植物低,表明其遭受到严重的水分胁迫;滴灌群落多枝柽柳叶片净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(g_s)、胞间CO₂浓度(C_i)和最大光合速率(P_{n max})均明显低于自然群落多枝柽柳,表明滴灌群落多枝柽柳光合能力弱于自然群落多枝柽柳;灌溉造成的盐分胁迫导致滴灌群落多枝柽柳比自然群落拥有较高的长期水分利用效率.总之,现行的灌溉模式虽能提供防护林植物生长所需水分,但技术的缺陷和土壤盐分的积累可能会影响防护林体系的长期稳定性.

关键词: 自然群落, 光合特征, 水势, 水分利用效率, 防护林

Abstract: The growth and reproduction of shelterbelt plants in arid regions is mainly limited by water availability, which can be alleviated by drip irrigation. We measured water use efficiency (WUE), leaf gas exchange and carbon isotope composition of Tamarix ramosissima in shelterbelt and natural communities in south fringe of Takelamakan Desert to investigate water use efficiency and photosynthetic properties of T. ramosissima differed in water sources. Compared to natural community, T. ramosissima in the drip irrigation community had low water potential due to irrigation and soil salinity. For natural community, T. ramosissima had lower predawn and midday water potential than other plants, indicating that T. ramosissima suffered serious water stress. The net photosynthe-tic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (C_i) and maximum photosynthesis rate (P_{n max}) of T. ramosissima in the drip irrigation community were significantly lower than that in the natural community, indicating the photosynthesis of T. ramosissima in the drip irrigation community was weaker. Compared to the natural community, T. ramosissima in the drip irrigation community had higher long-term water use efficiency, which was related to salt stress caused by irrigation. We concluded that the current irrigation model could meet the water needs of shelterbelt plants. However, the technical defects and soil salt accumulation might affect long-term stability of the shelterbelt community.

Key words: photosynthetic characteristic, water use efficiency, natural community, shelterbelt, water potential

邢鹏, 臧永新, 闵孝君, 巴贺贾依娜尔·铁木尔别克, 马剑英. 塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘防护林和自然群落中多枝柽柳的光合特征及水分利用效率[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 768-776.

XING Peng, ZANG Yong-xin, MIN Xiao-jun, Bahjayrarl Timurbuick, MA Jian-ying. Photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of Tamarix ramosissima in shelterbelt and natural communities in south fringe of Taklamakan Desert, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(3): 768-776.

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塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘防护林和自然群落中多枝柽柳的光合特征及水分利用效率

Photosynthetic characteristics and water use efficiency of Tamarix ramosissima in shelterbelt and natural communities in south fringe of Taklamakan Desert, China

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