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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (9): 3203-3214.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201909.015

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贵州石漠化区布依族传统村落人居环境适宜度

张元博1,2, 黄宗胜1*, 陈旋1, 郭小兰3, 冯微微1, 刘逸夫3, 庞敏1, 方银2   

  1. 1贵州大学建筑与城市规划学院, 贵阳 550025;
    2贵州工商职业学院人文体育学院, 贵阳 551400;
    3贵州大学林学院, 贵阳 550025
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-03 出版日期:2019-09-15 发布日期:2019-09-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: hzsxjh@126.com
  • 作者简介:张元博,男,1992年生,硕士研究生.主要从事城乡环境研究.E-mail:ZYB143@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31560187,51868008)、贵州省重大应用基础研究项目(黔科合JZ字[2014]200209)、贵州省社会发展攻关项目(黔科合SY字[2012]3012)、贵州省农业攻关项目(黔科合NY[2013]3055)和贵州大学人才引进项目(贵大基合字[2013]02)资助

Suitability of human settlement environment in Buyei traditional villages in rocky desertification area of Guizhou, China.

ZHANG Yuan-bo1,2, HUANG Zong-sheng1*, CHEN Xuan1, GUO Xiao-lan3, FENG Wei-wei1, LIU Yi-fu3, PANG Min1 , FANG Yin2   

  1. 1College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    2College of Humanities and Physical Education, Guizhou Technology and Business Institute, Guiyang 551400, China;
    3College of Fores-try, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • Received:2018-09-03 Online:2019-09-15 Published:2019-09-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: hzsxjh@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31560187, 51868008), the Major Application Foundation Research Project of Guizhou Province (JZ2014-200209), the Key Project of Social Development of Guizhou Province (SY2012-3012), the Agricultural Project of Guizhou Province (NY2013-3055), and the Talent Introduction Project of Guizhou University (2013-02).

摘要: 为了解传统村落人居环境对石漠化及地形地貌的适应性,采用德尔菲法、综合权重法确定了石漠化区布依族传统村落人居环境适宜度评价指标体系及权重,并收集指标数据和确定人居环境适宜度值与阈值,综合分析了人居环境适宜度.结果表明: 10%的布依族传统村落位于强度与极强度石漠化区,且有择优环境的传统;人居环境适宜度指标体系由经济、历史文化、生态、社会、建筑环境适宜度5个一级指标及26个二级指标组成,该指标体系对喀斯特区村落均适宜;总体上,综合环境适宜度值(2.81~3.77)与经济(0.77~1.17)、历史文化(0.39~0.50)、生态(0.83~1.07)、社会环境(0.38~0.53)适宜度值随石漠化强度递增而递减,而建筑(0.43~0.51)则无显著变化,石漠化对经济、历史文化、生态和社会环境影响深远且有协同关系;人居环境适宜度阈值下限为2.93,低于2.93可考虑搬迁或采取措施提高其值;山地半坡传统村落人居环境适宜度值(3.56)高于洼地(3.42)和谷地(3.16);石漠化区传统村落人居环境适宜度比普通村落高,但低于常态地貌,其主因是经济与生态的差异;石漠化区传统村落人居环境提升应加强石漠化综合治理及政策支撑,发展生态经济与旅游及保护历史文化或生态移民.本研究可为喀斯特区村落人居环境保护规划、建设等提供理论依据.

Abstract: To investigate the traditional village living environment adaptability to desertification and topography, the suitability evaluation index system and weight of traditional Buyei traditional villages in the rocky desertification area human settlement were quantified using Delphi method and comprehensive weighting method. We calculated human settlements environment suitability value and threshold to comprehensively analyze the human settlements environment suitability. The results showed that 10% of the traditional Buyei traditional villages were located in the rocky desertification areas with high intensity and extremely high intensity and had the tradition of selecting the best environment. The index system of residential environment suitability was composed of five first-level indices (economy, historic culture, ecology, society, and building environment suitability) and 26 second-level indices. This index system was applicable to villages in karst regions. The comprehensive environmental suitability value (2.81-3.77), the economy value (0.77-1.17), the historic culture value (0.39-0.50), the ecology value (0.83-1.07), the social environment value (0.38-0.53) all decreased with the increasing intensity of rocky desertification, but the suitability value of building environment did not change, which ranged from 0.43 to 0.51. Rocky desertification had profound and synergistic impacts on economy, historic culture, ecology and social environment. The floor level of the human settlement suitability threshold was 2.93. If the threshold was lower than 2.93, it could be considered to move or take measures to improve its value. The suitability value (3.56) of traditional village living environment in mountain slope was higher than that in depression (3.42) and valley (3.16). The human settlement suitability of traditional villages in rocky desertification area was higher than that of ordinary villages, but was lower than that of normal landform, with the differences in economy and ecology being the main reasons. To improve the living environment of traditional villages in rocky desertification areas, we should strengthen the comprehensive control of rocky desertification and policy support, develop ecological economy and tourism, protect historic culture or choose ecological migration. This research could provide theoretical base for the planning and construction of village living environment protection in karst areas.