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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 3762-3770.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201911.029

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黄土高原旱地冬小麦不同生育期根系呼吸及其温度敏感性

张彦军1,2,3, 党水纳2, 郭胜利1*   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100;
    2宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院, 陕西宝鸡 721013;
    3宝鸡文理学院陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室, 陕西宝鸡 721013
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-03 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2019-11-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: slguo@ms.iswc.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张彦军, 男, 1985年生, 副教授. 主要从事陆地生态系统碳循环研究. E-mail: zhangyanjun@bjwlxy.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(41801069,4190010300)、陕西省科技计划项目(2018JQ3023,2019JQ-895)、宝鸡文理学院博士科研启动费(ZK2017041)、陕西省社会科学基金项目(2019E007)、宝鸡市科技局项目(2018JH-13)、中国科学院气溶胶化学与物理重点实验室项目(KLACP1904)、陕西师范大学横向项目和宝鸡市社会科学项目(BJSKZX-201845)资助

Root respiration and its temperature sensitivity at various growth stages of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau, Northwest China

ZHANG Yan-jun1,2,3, DANG Shui-na2, GUO Sheng-li1*   

  1. 1Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    2 Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, Shaanxi, China;
    3Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Disasters Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2019-01-03 Online:2019-11-15 Published:2019-11-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: slguo@ms.iswc.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41801069, 4190010300), Scientific and Technological Plan Projects in Shaanxi Province (2018JQ3023, 2019JQ-895), Doctoral Research Project of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences (ZK2017041), Shaanxi Social Science Foundation Project (2019E007), Baoji Science and Technology Bureau Project (2018JH-13), Project of Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KLACP1904), Shaanxi Normal University Horizontal Project, and Baoji Social Science Foundation Project (BJSKZX-201845).

摘要: 研究农作物生育期对根系呼吸(RA)及其温度敏感性(Q10)的影响对丰富农田生态系统的碳循环理论具有重要理论和现实意义.在黄土高原雨养农田生态系统,于2009—2014年生长季,利用土壤碳通量系统测量相邻裸地土壤微生物呼吸(RH)和不施肥小麦地的土壤呼吸(RS=RA+RH),研究生育期对冬小麦RAQ10的影响.结果表明:冬小麦净光合速率在苗期、拔节期、灌浆期和成熟期分别为5.9、14.4、12.0和4.4 μmol·m-2·s-1,根系活力依次为51.0、100.8、84.4和31.8 μg·g-1·h-1.冬小麦不同生育期的RA差异显著,分别为0.26、0.67、0.91和0.56 μmol·m-2·s-1,且RA的变异特征与冬小麦各生育期内土壤水分含量、土壤温度、净光合速率和根系活力密切相关,分别呈抛物线、指数、线性和线性关系模型.Q10在苗期、拔节期、灌浆期和成熟期分别为2.61、4.88、2.26和6.93,且Q10的变异特征与冬小麦各生育期内的净光合速率、根系活力和土壤水分含量有关,这一变化的根系呼吸贡献率在各生育期分别为29%、53%、46%和31%.除了环境因素外,冬小麦生育期也是影响RAQ10的重要因素.

Abstract: Understanding the effects of crop growth stage on root respiration (RA) and its temperature sensitivity (Q10) has important theoretical and practical significance for enriching the carbon cycle theory of cropland. In a rain-fed agricultural ecosystem on the Loess Plateau, soil respiration rates were in situ measured in adjacent bare soil (soil microbial respiration, RH) and non-fertilized winter wheat (soil respiration, RS=RA+RH) with an automated CO2 flux system from 2009 to 2014 to investigate the effect of growth stage on RA and Q10. The results showed that net photosynthetic rate in the seedling, elongating, filling, and the ripening stage was 5.9, 14.4, 12.0, and 4.4 μmol·m-2·s-1, and the corresponding root activity was 51.0, 100.8, 84.4, and 31.8 μg·g-1·h-1, respectively. RA differed significantly among different growth stages, which was 0.26, 0.67, 0.91, and 0.56 μmol·m-2·s-1. The variation of RA was closely related with soil moisture, soil temperature, net photosynthetic rate, and root activity, which presented parabolic, exponential, linear, and linear models respectively. Furthermore, Q10 in each stage was 2.61, 4.88, 2.26, and 6.93, respectively, the variation of which was closely related with net photosynthetic rate, root activity, and soil moisture, with the contribution rate of root respiration being 29%, 53%, 46% and 31%, respectively. In conclusion, in addition to environmental factors, growth period of winter wheat was an important factor affecting RA and Q10.