我国亚热带典型树种抗火性状随林龄和器官的变异

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.008

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 1063-1072.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202004.008

我国亚热带典型树种抗火性状随林龄和器官的变异

曾素平^1,2, 刘发林², 赵梅芳^1,3,4*, 艾瑶^1,4, 陈小伟²

¹中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院, 长沙 410004;
²中南林业科技大学林学院, 长沙 410004;
³湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 湖南会同 418300;
⁴南方林业生态应用技术国家工程实验室, 长沙 410004

收稿日期:2019-12-02 出版日期:2020-04-20 发布日期:2020-04-20
通讯作者: *E-mail: zhaomf963@126.com
作者简介:曾素平, 女, 1993年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事森林生态和林火生态研究。E-mail: 948266173@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31600355,31971456)资助

Age- and organ-related variances in fire resistance traits of typical tree species in subtropical China

ZENG Su-ping^1,2, LIU Fa-lin², ZHAO Mei-fang^1,3,4*, AI Yao^1,4, CHEN Xiao-wei²

¹Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
²Faculty of Forestry, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China;
³National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Huitong, Huitong 418300, Hunan, China;
⁴National Enginee-ring Laboratory for Applied Forest Ecological Technology in Southern China, Changsha 410004, China

Received:2019-12-02 Online:2020-04-20 Published:2020-04-20
Contact: *E-mail: zhaomf963@126.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31600355, 31971456).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在湖南省炎陵县青石冈国有林场选择杨梅、木荷、山矾、润楠、甜槠、青冈6种亚热带典型树种,通过测定植物不同龄组(幼龄林、中龄林、成熟林)和器官(叶、枝、皮)等指示抗火性状的形态及物理和化学性质,探究同一树种不同器官、龄组间抗火性差异以及不同树种抗火性的综合排序。结果表明: 抗火性在不同器官和龄组间均呈现显著差异;相对于枝和皮,叶片具有较高的含水率(53.7%)、较高的粗灰分含量(4.5%)和较低的粗纤维含量(23.9%);随着林龄的增长,树木抗火性呈现先降后增的规律,中龄林的含水率、粗灰分和粗纤维含量最低。各器官的综合抗火性能在不同物种间差异显著。树叶的抗火性排序为:润楠>甜槠>山矾>杨梅>木荷>青冈;树枝的综合抗火性表现为润楠、甜槠最强,其次是杨梅、木荷;树皮表现为木荷和甜槠的抗火性较强,抗火性最弱的为润楠和青冈。各物种的综合抗火性能综合得分呈现分异特征,其中抗火性最强的为木荷(1.033)和杨梅(0.526),润楠(-0.405)和青冈(-1.151)的抗火性最弱。因此,木荷和杨梅是我国南方亚热带森林防火林带的首选树种。

关键词: 防火树种, 龄组, 抗火性, 植物器官

Abstract: We investigated the fire resistance conferred by different forest age groups (young, middle-age and mature forest) and organs (leaf, branch, and bark) of six typical tree species (Myrica rubra, Schima superba, Symplocos sumuntia, Machilus pingii, Castanopsis eyrei, and Quercus glauca) in Qingshigang national forest farm, Yanling County, Hunan Province, subtropical China. We measured morphological, physical, and chemical properties that could be used as proxies for fire resistance and examined the variances of fire resistance among different organs and age groups in the same tree species. Further, we comprehensively ranked all the tree species by their capacity in fire resistance. We found considerable variation in fire resistance among organs and age groups. Compared with branches and barks, leaves had relatively higher water content (53.7%), higher crude ash content (4.5%), and lower crude fiber content (23.9%). Fire resistance of trees decreased first and then increased with increasing stand age. Trees in middle-aged stage showed the lowest contents of water, crude ash, and crude fiber. The comprehensive scores of fire resistance for diffe-rent organs were significantly different among species. Fire resistance of leaves generally decreased in the order of M. pingii > C. eyrei > S. sumuntia > M. rubra > S. superba > Q. glauca. For branches, M. pingii and C. eyrei showed the strongest fire resistance, followed by M. rubra and S. superba. For barks, S. superba and C. eyrei were relatively stronger in fire resistance than other species, while M. pingii and Q. glauca were the weakest. The comprehensive scores of fire resistance performance of species were different. S. superba (1.033) and M. rubra (0.526) were the most fire-resistant species, while M. pingii (-0.405) and Q. glauca (-1.151) were the least fire-resistant. Therefore, S. superba and M. rubra were the preferred tree species for fire prevention forest belt in forests of subtropical southern China.

Key words: plant organ, age group, fire-resistant tree species, fire resistance

曾素平, 刘发林, 赵梅芳, 艾瑶, 陈小伟. 我国亚热带典型树种抗火性状随林龄和器官的变异[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(4): 1063-1072.

ZENG Su-ping, LIU Fa-lin, ZHAO Mei-fang, AI Yao, CHEN Xiao-wei. Age- and organ-related variances in fire resistance traits of typical tree species in subtropical China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(4): 1063-1072.

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我国亚热带典型树种抗火性状随林龄和器官的变异

Age- and organ-related variances in fire resistance traits of typical tree species in subtropical China

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