施肥和增水对弃耕草地土壤酸中和容量的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 大气氮沉降增加是草地土壤酸化的主要原因。土壤酸缓冲性能作为评估土壤酸化的重要指标,对氮输入的响应受到降水与其他限制养分含量的影响。本研究以我国北方温带弃耕草地氮、磷、水添加试验13年后的土壤为对象,利用二次多项式模型拟合酸滴定曲线,计算了土壤酸缓冲容量(ABC)以及以pH 5.0和4.0为参比的土壤酸中和容量(ANC)。结果表明: 不增水处理下,单独加氮和同时添加氮磷均显著降低土壤pH,降低以pH 5.0和4.0为参比时的酸中和容量(ANC_pH5.0和ANC_pH4.0);单独加磷对土壤pH、ANC_pH5.0和ANC_pH4.0均无显著影响。增水处理下,加氮及加氮磷显著降低土壤pH、ANC_pH5.0和ANC_pH4.0;加磷显著降低土壤pH,但增加了ANC_pH4.0,而对ANC_pH5.0无显著影响。与不增水处理相比,增水处理对土壤pH、酸中和容量均具有显著的正效应。对于初始pH值不同的土壤,采用土壤酸中和容量比酸缓冲容量能更好地指示土壤抗酸化能力。

关键词: 土壤酸化, 土壤酸缓冲性能, 酸滴定曲线, 养分平衡

Abstract: Increasing nitrogen (N) deposition results in soil acidification in grasslands. Acid buffering capacity of soil is a critical index evaluating soil acidification, the response of which to N input is regulated by precipitation and concentration of other limiting elements. To explore the responses of soil acidification to N, phosphorus (P), and water inputs, we conducted a 13-year field experiment in an old-field grassland and calculated the acid buffering capacity (ABC) and acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) at the reference of pH=5.0 (ANC_pH5.0) and 4.0 (ANC_pH4.0), using quadratic curve fitting model. The results showed that, without water addition, single N addition or combined with P addition significantly decreased soil pH, ANC_pH5.0 and ANC_pH4.0, whereas single P addition had no significant effect on soil pH, ANC_pH5.0 or ANC_pH4.0. With water addition, the addition of N or combined with P decreased soil pH, ANC_pH5.0 and ANC_pH4.0, whereas P addition decreased soil pH, increased ANC_pH4.0, without effect on ANC_pH5.0. In contrast with treatments without water addition, water addition had positive effects on soil pH, ANC_pH5.0 and ANC_pH4.0. For soils with different initial soil pH values, it was better to select ANC rather than ABC as an index to evaluate soil anti-acidification capacity.

Key words: soil acidification, soil acid buffering capacity, acid titration curve, nutrient balance

孟亚妮, 李天鹏, 施展, 蔡江平, 徐柱文, 姜勇. 施肥和增水对弃耕草地土壤酸中和容量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1579-1586.

MENG Ya-ni, LI Tian-peng, SHI Zhan, CAI Jiang-ping, XU Zhu-wen, JIANG Yong. Effects of fertilization and water addition on soil acid neutralizing capacity in an old-field grassland[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1579-1586.

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