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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 942-950.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期不施磷对稻田温室气体排放的影响

何竹1,2, 许琛2,3, 周贝贝2,4, 薛利红1,2,3*, 汪玉5, 沈明星6, 杨林章2   

  1. 1南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 南京 210095;
    2江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014;
    3江苏大学环境与安全工程学院, 江苏镇江 212001;
    4江苏开放大学环境生态学院, 南京 210017;
    5中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210095;
    6苏州市农业科学院, 江苏苏州 215155
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-28 接受日期:2020-12-22 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: njxuelihong@gmail.com
  • 作者简介:何竹, 女, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤生态与微生物生态研究。E-mail: hz15255319551@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41877087)资助

Effects of long-term fertilization without phosphorus on greenhouse gas emissions from paddy fields

HE Zhu1,2, XU Chen2,3, ZHOU Bei-bei2,4, XUE Li-hong1,2,3*, WANG Yu5, SHEN Ming-xing6, YANG Lin-zhang2   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
    2Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
    3School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212001, Jiangsu, China;
    4School of Environmental Ecology, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing 210017, China;
    5Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210095, China;
    6Suzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Suzhou 215155, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2020-08-28 Accepted:2020-12-22 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-09-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: njxuelihong@gmail.com
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China (41877087)

摘要: 稻田磷肥的“旱重水轻”施肥策略是有效提高磷素利用率、减少磷素流失的有效技术途径,但稻季不施磷对温室气体排放的影响尚不明确。本研究监测了苏州和宜兴两块长期定位试验田中正常施磷与不施磷处理水稻生育期内CH4和N2O的排放通量。结果表明: 与正常施磷处理相比,长期不施磷处理均显著促进了稻田CH4和N2O排放,其中,苏州试验田CH4和N2O排放量分别增加57%和25%,宜兴试验田CH4和N2O排放量分别增加221%和70%。长期不施磷使土壤的速效磷、有机酸和可溶性有机碳含量下降,与CH4排放密切相关,特别是土壤速效磷含量与CH4排放量呈显著负相关,相关系数r=-0.987。两处试验田不施磷处理的全球增温潜势均大于施磷处理。因此,稻田长期缺磷会对土壤有机酸、可溶性有机碳和速效磷含量产生影响,进而增加稻田CH4和N2O的排放。

关键词: 磷, 稻田, 甲烷, 氧化亚氮

Abstract: The strategy of few or no-phosphorus fertilization in rice season but more in wheat season can effectively increase phosphorus use efficiency and reduce phosphorus loss through runoff and leaching. It remains unknown whether the lack of phosphorus will affect greenhouse gas emission in the rice season. We monitored the CH4 and N2O emission fluxes during the growth period of rice treated with normal phosphorus application (NPK) and no-phosphorus application (NK) in two long-term experimental fields in Suzhou and Yixing. The results showed that long-term no-phosphorus application promoted CH4 and N2O emission in both fields. Compared with the NPK treatment, CH4 and N2O emissions from the NK treatment significantly increased by 57% and 25% in Suzhou experi-mental field, respectively, while those in Yixing experimental field were also significantly increased by 221% and 70%, respectively. The contents of organic acid, dissolved organic carbon and available phosphorus in soil were reduced under long-term NK treatment, and they were closely related to CH4 emission. Soil available phosphorus content was significantly negatively correlated with CH4 emission (r=-0.987). The global warming potential (GWP) was greater in NK treatment than NPK treatment in both fields. Therefore, long-term no-phosphorus application could decrease the contents of organic acid, soluble organic carbon, and available phosphorus in soils, resulting in more CH4 and N2O emission in rice field.

Key words: phosphorus, rice field, CH4, N2O