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应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (4): 1184-1192.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202104.004

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

磷肥对不同结实能力马尾松无性系雌球花量及针叶氮磷营养的影响

郑一1,2, 张振1*, 范金根3, 童庆元3, 陈胜龙4, 许志琪4, 周志春1   

  1. 1中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所/浙江省林木育种与培育重点实验室, 浙江富阳 311400;
    2东北林业大学, 林木遗传育种国家重点实验室, 哈尔滨 150040;
    3兰溪市苗圃, 浙江金华 321100;
    4兰溪市林业局, 浙江金华 321100
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-23 接受日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2021-10-25
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: zhenzh19860516@163.com
  • 作者简介:郑 一, 男, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事林木遗传改良研究。E-mail: zhengyi19960922@nefu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0600301)、浙江省农业(林木)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02056-4)、江西省林业科技创新项目(201703)和中央级公益性科研院所项目(CAFYBB2017ZA001-2)资助

Effects of P fertilizer on female strobilus and needle N and P nutrition of Pinus massoniana clones with different fruiting abilities.

ZHENG Yi1,2, ZHANG Zhen1*, FAN Jin-gen3, TONG Qing-yuan3, CHEN Sheng-long4, XU Zhi-qi4, ZHOU Zhi-chun1   

  1. 1Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry/Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Fuyang 311400, Zhejiang, China;
    2State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
    3Lanxi Nursery, Jinhua 321100, Zhejiang, China;
    4Lanxi Forestry Bureau, Jinhua 321100, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2020-08-23 Accepted:2021-01-28 Published:2021-10-25
  • Contact: *E-mail: zhenzh19860516@163.com
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Project of China (2017YFD0600301), the Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural New Variety Breeding (2016C02056-4), the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Jiangxi Province (201703), and the Central Public Welfare Research Institute Project (CAFYBB2017ZA001-2).

摘要: 为实现马尾松无性系种子园精准施肥和丰产经营,用不同结实能力无性系作为材料,设置每株0、400、800和1600 g 4个磷肥水平(分别记为P0、P4、P8和P16),分别在花原基形成前和球果采摘后施肥,研究磷肥对马尾松无性系雌球花量的影响,以及花原基形成期和球花分化前期不同高度的针叶N、P含量的变化。结果表明: 与P0处理相比,P8和P16处理显著提高马尾松无性系雌球花量,2018年增幅分别为67.4%和61.2%,2019年增幅分别为28.9%和14.1%。雌球花量与针叶N含量和N/P呈显著负相关,与P含量呈显著正相关。不同结实能力无性系针叶N、P含量对P肥的响应存在差异。花原基形成期,结实能力弱的无性系N含量高,N/P值在11.5~12.5;结实能力强的无性系P含量高,N/P值在9.5~10.5,且在此时期大多数无性系在P8处理下P含量最高,N/P最低。球花分化前期,两种无性系N/P值分别在15.3~17.0和13.2~15.1。无性系上部针叶P含量显著高于中部和下部,而N/P显著低于中部和下部。综上,每株施800 g磷肥可提高不同结实能力无性系花原基形成期针叶P含量,降低N/P,有利于雌球花的形成,对提高无性系种子园产量具有促进作用。

关键词: 马尾松, 无性系, 钙镁磷肥, 雌球花, 氮磷营养

Abstract: In order to realize precise fertilization and high yield management of Pinus massoniana clonal seed orchard, clones with different fruiting abilities were used as the materials. Four P fertilization levels were at 0, 400, 800 and 1600 g per plant (P0, P4, P8 and P16 respectively). Fertilization was applied before floral primordia formation and after cone picked, respectively. The effects of P fertilizer on the female strobilus of P. massoniana clones and the changes of N, P contents in needles of different positions during floral primordia formation stage and early stage of flower bud differentiation were investigated. The results showed that compared with P0, the female strobilus of P8 and P16 were significantly increased by 67.4% and 61.2% in 2018 and 28.9% and 14.1% in 2019, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the female strobilus with the N content and N/P, a significant positive correlation between the female strobilus and the P content in needles. The responses of N and P contents in needles to P fertilization differed in clones with different fruiting abilities. In floral primordia formation stage, the N content of clones with weak fruiting ability was high, and the N/P was 11.5-12.5, while the P content of clones with strong fruiting abilities was high, and the N/P was 9.5-10.5. During this period, the P content of most clones under P8 treatment was the highest, while the N/P was lowest. In the early stage of flower bud differentiation, the N/P of two fruiting clones was 15.3-17.0 and 13.2-15.1, respectively. The P content in upside layer was significantly higher while N/P was significantly lower than that in middle and lower layers. In conclusion, the 800 g P fertilization per plant could increase the P content and reduce the N/P of needles during the floral primordia formation stage of clones with diffe-rent fruiting abilities, which was beneficial to the formation of female strobilus and promote the yield of clone seed orchards.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, clone, fused calcium magnesium phosphate, female strobilus, nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition