粪甲虫对绢蒿荒漠春秋两季牛粪分解的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202105.034

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (5): 1854-1862.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202105.034

粪甲虫对绢蒿荒漠春秋两季牛粪分解的影响

郭亚亚¹, 曹佳敏¹, 车昭碧¹, 杨寒珺¹, 黄星宇¹, 鲁为华^1,2*

¹石河子大学动物科技学院, 新疆石河子 832000;
²省部共建绵羊遗传改良与健康养殖国家重点实验室/新疆农垦科学院, 新疆石河子 832003

收稿日期:2020-08-10 接受日期:2021-01-28 出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-11-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: winnerlwh@sina.com
作者简介:郭亚亚,女,1996年生,硕士研究生。主要从事草地资源与生态研究。E-mail:1620838432@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31860667)和省部共建绵羊遗传改良与健康养殖国家重点实验室优秀中青年人才培养引导计划专项(SKLSGIHP2016A03)资助

Effects of dung beetles on decomposition of cattle dung in spring and autumn in a Seriphi-dium-dominated desert, China.

GUO Ya-ya¹, CAO Jia-min¹, CHE Zhao-bi¹, YANG Han-jun¹, HUANG Xing-yu¹, LU Wei-hua^1,2*

¹College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang, China;
²State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production/Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China

Received:2020-08-10 Accepted:2021-01-28 Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-11-15
Contact: *E-mail: winnerlwh@sina.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31860667) and the Fund for Talent Cultivation of the State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production (SKLSGIHP2016A03).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为明确绢蒿荒漠草地牛粪的分解规律,分别在5月(春季)和9月(秋季)设置不同堆置时间点(0、7、29、48、58 h),明确粪便理化性质变化规律,同时设置不同开口的网笼(无网笼、上下开口、上开口、全封口),探讨各生态功能类群粪甲虫对粪便分解的影响。结果表明: 春季的粪甲虫种类数显著高于秋季,秋季的粪甲虫数量显著高于春季。春季粪便的水分、全碳、全氮、全磷下降主要集中在0～29 h,堆置29 h时粪便的水分、全碳、全氮、全磷分别降低39.4%、13.9%、32.1%、26.7%。堆置58 h时粪便的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维分别显著降低8.0%和16.0%。秋季粪便的水分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维在0～7 h内下降速度最快,堆置7 h时分别降低85.6%、10.2%和20.2%。7～58 h内中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维上升,58 h时粪便的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维分别升高20.0%和13.7%。全碳、全氮和全磷的分解主要集中在0～29 h内,堆置29 h时分别降低17.5%、55.0%和64.8%。不同开口的网笼有效阻止了相应生态功能类群粪甲虫的进驻,随着粪甲虫生态功能类群的增加,粪便分解速度加快,无网笼状态下的粪便分解速度显著高于其它处理。粪甲虫种类、数量以及粪便堆置时间均显著影响牛粪的分解过程。

关键词: 粪甲虫, 绢蒿荒漠, 牛粪堆置时间, 生态功能类群, 分解规律

Abstract: To understand the decomposition of cattle dung in Seriphidium-dominated desert, the changes of dung physical and chemical properties were determined by setting different stacking times (0, 7, 29, 48, 58 h) in May (spring) and September (autumn), respectively. Mesh cage with different openings (no mesh cage, opening up and down, opening up, totally enclosed) were set up to explore the effects of different ecological functional groups of dung beetles on decomposition. The results showed that species richness of dung beetles in spring was significantly higher than that in autumn, and that the abundance of dung beetles in autumn was significantly higher than that in spring. The losses of moisture, total carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in dung were mainly concentrated during 0-29 h in spring, being decreased by 39.4%, 13.9%, 32.1% and 26.7% at 29 h, respectively. Neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of the dung stacked for 58 h decreased significantly by 8.0% and 16.0% respectively. In autumn, moisture, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased most rapidly during 0-7 h, being decreased by 85.6%, 10.2% and 20.2% at 7 h, respectively. The concentrations of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased during 7-58 h by 20.0% and 13.7%, respectively. The decomposition of total carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus mainly concentrated during 0-29 h, being reduced by17.5%, 55.0% and 64.8%, respectively. The mesh cage with different openings effectively prevented the entering of dung beetles from the corresponding ecological functional groups. With the increases of functional groups of dung beetles, the decomposition rate accelerated, with cattle dung of no mesh cage being significantly higher than other treatments. The species richness and abundance of dung beetles and the stacking time of dung significantly affected the decomposition of cattle dung.

Key words: dung beetles, Seriphidium-dominated desert, stacking time of cattle dung, ecological functional group, decomposition process

郭亚亚, 曹佳敏, 车昭碧, 杨寒珺, 黄星宇, 鲁为华. 粪甲虫对绢蒿荒漠春秋两季牛粪分解的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(5): 1854-1862.

GUO Ya-ya, CAO Jia-min, CHE Zhao-bi, YANG Han-jun, HUANG Xing-yu, LU Wei-hua. Effects of dung beetles on decomposition of cattle dung in spring and autumn in a Seriphi-dium-dominated desert, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(5): 1854-1862.

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粪甲虫对绢蒿荒漠春秋两季牛粪分解的影响

Effects of dung beetles on decomposition of cattle dung in spring and autumn in a Seriphi-dium-dominated desert, China.

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