不同烈度林火干扰下呼中国家级自然保护区森林各碳库储量的动态变化

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202107.014

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 2325-2334.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202107.014

不同烈度林火干扰下呼中国家级自然保护区森林各碳库储量的动态变化

贾钰宸^1,2, 常禹^1*, 平晓莹^1,2, 常畅^1,2

¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016;
²中国科学院大学, 北京 100049

收稿日期:2021-01-29 修回日期:2021-04-06 出版日期:2021-07-15 发布日期:2022-01-15
通讯作者: *changyu@iae.ac.cn
作者简介:贾钰宸,男,1997年生,硕士研究生。主要从事景观生态学研究。E-mail:jiayuchen0124@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0207800)和国家自然科学基金项目(31971483)

Dynamics of carbon stocks of different pools in Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Northeast China under the disturbance of various severity fires

JIA Yu-chen^1,2, CHANG Yu^1*, PING Xiao-ying^1,2, CHANG Chang^1,2

¹Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2021-01-29 Revised:2021-04-06 Online:2021-07-15 Published:2022-01-15
Contact: *changyu@iae.ac.cn
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFE0207800) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971483).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究通过FireBGCv2模型,模拟不同烈度林火干扰下未来100年呼中自然保护区森林各碳库的动态变化特征,以探究森林不同碳库对火干扰的响应规律,为保护区森林可燃物的管理提供科学依据。结果表明: 林火干扰显著降低了保护区森林碳储量,且林火烈度越大,碳储量降低越多。火干扰影响森林各碳库储量的变化,也改变了森林总碳库的分配特征。林火干扰对各碳库碳储量的影响表现为:林火干扰使活立木、半腐殖质层碳储量降低,使粗木质残体碳储量在模拟前、中期增加,在模拟后期降低,灌草碳库碳储量在模拟后期增加。林火烈度越大,活立木、灌草碳库碳储量越低,枯立木和粗木质残体碳库碳储量越高。林火干扰对总碳库分配的影响表现为:林火干扰后,灌草、枯立木、粗木质残体和土壤碳库占比增加,活立木、半腐殖层碳库在总碳库中的占比减小。林火烈度越大,灌草碳库占比越小,粗木质残体碳库占比越大,烈度对其他碳库占比影响较小。枯落物的周期性变化规律为: 20年达到高值,然后10年内降到低值,这一发现为确定森林可燃物处理的时间间隔提供了有力的依据,建议在大兴安岭地区每隔20年进行一次计划火烧,以合理保护该地区的森林资源。

关键词: 林火干扰, 林火烈度, 北方森林, 碳储量, FireBGCv2模型

Abstract: In this study, the FireBGCv2 model was used to simulate the dynamics of forest carbon pools of Huzhong Nature Reserve within the next 100 years under various forest fire severity scena-rios. The aim of this study was to explore the responses of different forest carbon pools to fire disturbance, and to provide scientific basis for forest fuel management. The results showed that forest fire significantly reduced forest carbon storage, with the greatest reduction under the scenario of high-severity forest fire. Fire disturbance affected carbon storage in different pools, and relocated carbon among those pools. Forest fire disturbance reduced carbon storage of living trees and duff, increased that of coarse woody debris in the early and middle stages of simulation, and decreased that in late stage. The carbon storage of shrub and herb strata increased significantly in the late simulation period. The higher the fire severity, the lower the carbon storage of living tree and shrub-herb carbon pools, with snag and coarse woody debris showing the opposite trend. The impact of forest fire disturbance on the total carbon pool distribution was as follows: forest fire increased the proportion of shrub and herb strata, snag, coarse woody debris and soil carbon pool, and reduced the proportion of living tree and duff. The higher severity forest fire was, the lower the proportion of carbon pool of shrub-herb, and the higher the proportion of carbon pool of coarse wood debris. The severity of forest fire had less impact on the proportion of other carbon pools. In addition, our results demonstrated periodic change of litter carbon that reached a high value within 20 years and then dropped to a low value within 10 years. Our results could provide sound basis for determining the forest fuel treatment interval. We suggested performing prescribed burning every 20 years in the Great Xing'an Mountains area to protect forest resources.

Key words: forest fire disturbance, forest fire severity, boreal forest, carbon storage, FireBGCv2 model

贾钰宸, 常禹, 平晓莹, 常畅. 不同烈度林火干扰下呼中国家级自然保护区森林各碳库储量的动态变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(7): 2325-2334.

JIA Yu-chen, CHANG Yu, PING Xiao-ying, CHANG Chang. Dynamics of carbon stocks of different pools in Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Northeast China under the disturbance of various severity fires[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(7): 2325-2334.

参考文献

[1] Bradshaw CJA, Warkentin IG. Global estimates of boreal forest carbon stocks and flux. Global and Planetary Change, 2015, 128: 24-30
[2] Dieleman CM, Rogers BM, Potter S, et al. Wildfire combustion and carbon stocks in the southern Canadian boreal forest: Implications for a warming world. Global Change Biology, 2020, doi: 10.1111/gcb.151580
[3] Fang JY, Chen AP, Peng CH, et al. Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998. Science, 2001, 292: 2320-2322
[4] Yu GR, Li XR, Wang QF, et al. Carbon storage and its spatial pattern of terrestrial ecosystem in China. Journal of Resources and Ecology, 2010, 1: 97-109
[5] 刘斌, 田晓瑞. 大兴安岭呼中森林大火碳释放估算. 林业资源管理, 2011(3): 47-51 [Liu B, Tian X-R. Carbon emission from Huzhong forest fire in Daxing'anling. Forest Resources Management, 2011(3): 47-51]
[6] 常禹, 黄文韬, 胡远满, 等. 林火碳排放研究概况及展望. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(10): 2922-2929 [Chang Y, Huang W-T, Hu Y-M, et al. Contemporary research advances on carbon emissions by forest fires and future prospects. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2015, 34(10): 2922-2929]
[7] 徐耀粘, 江明喜. 森林碳库特征及驱动因子分析研究进展. 生态学报, 2015, 35(3): 926-933 [Xu Y-Z, Jiang M-X. Forest carbon pool characteristics and advances in the researches of carbon storage and related factors. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2015, 35(3): 926-933]
[8] 胡海清, 魏书精, 孙龙. 大兴安岭呼中区2010年森林火灾碳排放的计量估算. 林业科学, 2012, 48(10): 109-119 [Hu H-Q, Wei S-J, Sun L. Estimation of carbon emissions from forest fires in 2010 in Huzhong of Daxing'anling Mountain. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2012, 48(10): 109-119]
[9] 胡海清, 罗碧珍, 罗斯生, 等. 林火干扰对森林生态系统碳库的影响研究进展. 林业科学, 2020, 56(4): 160-169 [Hu H-Q, Luo B-Z, Luo S-S, et al. Research progress on effects of forest fire disturbance on carbon pool of forest ecosystem. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 160-169]
[10] 张宇婧. 火干扰下大兴安岭森林土壤有机碳含量估算——以呼中区为例. 硕士论文. 南昌: 江西师范大学, 2019 [Zhang Y-J. Estimation of Forest Soil Organic Carbon Content in Daxing'anling Mountains after Fire Disturbance in Great Hinggan Mountains: A Case Study in Huzhong. Master Thesis. Nanchang: Jiangxi Normal University, 2019]
[11] 杨达, 吴志伟, 梁宇, 等. 林火烈度的量化指标构建. 林业资源管理, 2014(6): 140-145 [Yang D, Wu Z-W, Liang Y, et al. Establishment of quantitative indexes of forest fire severity in forest region. Forest Resources Management, 2014(6): 140-145]
[12] 常禹, 陈宏伟, 胡远满, 等. 林火烈度评价及其空间异质性研究进展. 自然灾害学报, 2012, 21(2): 28-34 [Chang Y, Chen H-W, Hu Y-M, et al. Advances in the assessment of forest fire severity and its spatial hete-rogeneity. Journal of Natural Disasters, 2012, 21(2): 28-34]
[13] 贺红士, 常禹, 胡远满, 等. 森林可燃物及其管理的研究进展与展望. 植物生态学报, 2010, 34(6): 741-752 [He H-S, Chang Y, Hu Y-M, et al. Contemporary studies and future perspectives of forest fuel and fuel management. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2010, 34(6): 741-752]
[14] Seedre M, Shrestha BM, Chen HYH, et al. Carbon dynamics of North American boreal forest after stand replacing wildfire and clearcut logging. Journal of Forest Research, 2011, 16: 168-183
[15] 程鹏飞, 王金亮, 王雪梅, 等. 森林生态系统碳储量估算方法研究进展. 林业调查规划, 2009, 34(6): 39-45 [Cheng P-F, Wang J-L, Wang X-M, et al. Research progress in estimating carbon storage of forest ecosystem. Forest Inventory and Planning, 2009, 34(6): 39-45]
[16] King KJ, Ligt RD, Cary GJ. Fire and carbon dynamics under climate change in south-eastern Australia: Insights from FullCAM and FIRESCAPE modelling. International Journal of Wildland Fire, 2011, 20: 563-577
[17] Luckai N, Larocque GR, Archambault L, et al. Using the carbon budget model of the Canadian forest sector (CBM-CFS3) to examine the impact of harvest and fire on carbon dynamics in selected forest types of the Canadian boreal shield. Forestry Chronicle, 2012, 88: 426-438
[18] 黄超, 贺红士, 梁宇, 等. 气候变化、林火和采伐对大兴安岭森林碳储量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7): 2088-2100 [Huang C, He H-S, Liang Y, et al. Effects of climate change, fire and harvest on carbon storage of boreal forests in the Great Xing'an Mountains, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(7): 2088-2100]
[19] Keane RA, Loehman RA, Holsinger LM. The Fire-BGCv2 Landscape Fire Succession Model: A Research Simulation Platform for Exploring Fire and Vegetation Dynamics. Washington DC, USA: USDA Forest Service-General Technical Report RMRS-GTR, 2011
[20] Keane RE, Kathy G, Bacciu V, et al. Spatial scaling of wildland fuels for six forest and rangeland ecosystems of the northern Rocky Mountains, USA. Landscape Eco-logy, 2012, 27: 1213-1234
[21] Clark JA, Loehman RA, Keane RE. Climate changes and wildfire alter vegetation of Yellowstone National Park, but forest cover persists. Ecosphere, 2017, 8: 1-16
[22] Keane RE. Applying Ecosystem and Landscape Models in Natural Resource Management. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, 2019
[23] Loehman RA, Keane RE, Holsinger LM, et al. Interactions of landscape disturbances and climate change dictate ecological pattern and process: Spatial modeling of wildfire, insect, and disease dynamics under future climates. Landscape Ecology, 2017, 32: 1-13
[24] 侯长旺, 许铁军, 高丽敏. 呼中自然保护区灌丛群落结构及组成特点分析. 林业科技情报, 2012, 44(2): 1-3 [Hou C-W, Xu T-J, Gao L-M. Community structure and composing characteristics analysis of shrub in Huzhong Nature Reserves. Forestry Science and Techno-logy Information, 2012, 44(2): 1-3]
[25] Riggs RA, Keane RE, Cimon N, et al. Biomass and fire dynamics in a temperate forest-grassland mosaic: Integrating multi-species herbivory, climate, and fire with the FireBGCv2/GrazeBGC system. Ecological Modelling, 2015, 296: 57-78
[26] Fraser LH. TRY: A plant trait database of databases. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26: 1-2
[27] 张慧东. 兴安落叶松林生态系统关键生态过程碳氮分配及其耦合特征研究. 博士论文. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2017 [Zhang H-D. Study on Carbon/Nitrogen Distribution and Its Coupling Characteristics of Key Ecological Processes in Larch (Larix gmelinii) Forest Ecosystem. PhD Thesis. Huhhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2017]
[28] 陈宏伟, 胡远满, 常禹, 等. 呼中林区不同森林采伐方式对林火的长期影响模拟. 北京林业大学学报, 2011, 33(5): 13-19 [Chen H-W, Hu Y-M, Chang Y, et al. Simulating long-term effects of different harvesting modes on forest fire in Huzhong Forest Region, northeastern China. Journal of Beijing Forestry Univer-sity, 2011, 33(5): 13-19]
[29] 方东明, 周广胜, 蒋延玲, 等. 基于CENTURY模型模拟火烧对大兴安岭兴安落叶松林碳动态的影响. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(9): 2411-2421 [Fang D-M, Zhou G-S, Jiang Y-L, et al. Impact of fire on carbon dynamics of Larix gmelinii forest in Daxing'an Mountains of North-east China: A simulation with CENTURY model. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(9): 2411-2421]
[30] Ottmar RD. Wildland fire emissions, carbon, and climate: Modeling fuel consumption. Forest Ecology and Management, 2014, 317: 41-50
[31] 李海涛, 沈文清, 桑卫国, 等. MTCLIM模型(山地小气候模拟模型)的研究现状及其潜在应用. 山地学报, 2001, 19(6): 533-540 [Li H-T, Shen W-Q, Sang W-G, et al. Research situation and application of MTCLIM model (mountain microclimate simulation model). Journal of Mountain Science, 2001, 19(6): 533-540]
[32] 林思美, 黄华国. 基于3PGS-MTCLIM模型模拟根河林区火后植被净初级生产力恢复及其影响因子. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(11): 3712-3722 [Lin S-M, Huang H-G. Simulating the post-fire net primary production restoration and its affecting factors by using MTCLIM and 3PGS model in Genhe forest region, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(11): 3712-3722]
[33] 王晓莉, 王文娟, 常禹, 等. 基于NBR指数分析大兴安岭呼中森林过火区的林火烈度. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(4): 967-974 [Wang X-L, Wang W-J, Chang Y, et al. Fire severity of burnt area in Huzhong forest region of Great Xing'an Mountains, Northeast China based on normalized burn ratio analysis. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(4): 967-974]
[34] Lasslop G, Hantson S, Harrison SP, et al. Global ecosystems and fire: Multi-model assessment of fire-induced tree-cover and carbon storage reduction. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26: 5027-5041
[35] 王卫霞, 杜杰, 刘晓菊, 等. 火干扰对喀纳斯泰加林土壤有机碳的影响. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(1): 112-116 [Wang W-X, Du J, Liu X-J, et al. Fire disturbance: Effects on soil organic carbon of taiga forests in Kanas. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(1): 112-116]
[36] 洪娇娇, 陈宏伟, 齐淑艳, 等. 火干扰强度对大兴安岭森林地上植被碳储量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(8): 2481-2487 [Hong J-J, Chen H-W, Qi S-Y, et al. Effect of fire severity on carbon storage of aboveground vegetation in Great Xing'an Mountains, China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(8): 2481-2487]
[37] 杨达, 吴志伟, 梁宇, 等. 火干扰对森林碳库影响的量化研究进展. 世界林业研究, 2015, 28(1): 37-42 [Yang D, Wu Z-W, Liang Y, et al. Research progress on quantifying the influence of fire disturbance on forest carbon sink. World Forestry Research, 2015, 28(1): 37-42]
[38] Seedre M, Chen HYH. Carbon dynamics of aboveground live vegetation of boreal mixed woods after wildfire and clear-cutting. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 2010, 40: 1862-1869
[39] 杨扬. 火灾对大兴安岭地区森林碳储量、植物组成多样性和群落结构影响研究. 硕士论文. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2019 [Yang Y. Changes in Carbon Storage, Plant Diversity and Community Structure of Forests in Daxing'an Mts under Different Fire Rehabilitation Years. Master Thesis. Harbin: Northeast Forestry University, 2019]
[40] Bartowitz KJ, Higuera PE, Shuman BN, et al. Post-fire carbon dynamics in subalpine forests of the Rocky Mountains. Fire, 2019, 2: 58
[41] Taylor P, Hart SA, Chen H. Critical reviews in plant sciences understory vegetation dynamics of North American boreal forests. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences, 2006, 25: 381-397
[42] Hart SA, Chen HYH. Fire, logging, and overstory affect understory abundance, diversity, and composition in boreal forest. Ecological Monographs, 2008, 78: 123-140
[43] 杨达, 贺红士, 吴志伟, 等. 火干扰对大兴安岭呼中林区地上死木质残体碳储量的影响. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(2): 331-339 [Yang D, He H-S, Wu Z-W, et al. Influence of fire disturbance on aboveground deadwood debris carbon storage in Huzhong forest region of Great Xing'an Mountains, Northeast China. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2015, 26(2): 331-339]
[44] 罗旭, 贺红士, 梁宇, 等. 林火干扰对大兴安岭主要林分类型地上生物量预测的影响模拟研究. 生态学报, 2016, 36(4): 1104-1114 [Luo X, He H-S, Liang Y, et al. Simulating the effects of fire disturbance for predicting aboveground biomass of major forest types in the Great Xing'an Mountains. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(4): 1104-1114]
[45] 蒋波, 胡青, 肖良俊, 等. 林火干扰对森林植被碳库影响的研究进展. 林业调查规划, 2016, 41(2): 56-61 [Jiang B, Hu Q, Xiao L-J, et al. Effect of forest fire on forest vegetation carbon storage. Forest Inventory and Planning, 2016, 41(2): 56-61]
[46] 陈宏伟, 常禹, 胡远满, 等. 大兴安岭呼中林区森林死可燃物载量及其影响因子. 生态学杂志, 2008, 27(1): 50-55 [Chen H-W, Chang Y, Hu Y-M, et al. Load of forest surface dead fuel in Huzhong area of Daxing'anling Mountains and relevant affecting factors. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2008, 27(1): 50-55]
[47] Turner MG, Romme WH, Tinker DB. Surprises and lessons from the 1988 Yellowstone fires. Frontiers in Eco-logy and the Environment, 2003, 1: 351-358
[48] Wang XG, He HS, Li XZ. The long-term effects of fire suppression and reforestation on a forest landscape in Northeastern China after a catastrophic wildfire. Landscape and Urban Planning, 2006, 79: 84-95

不同烈度林火干扰下呼中国家级自然保护区森林各碳库储量的动态变化

Dynamics of carbon stocks of different pools in Huzhong National Nature Reserve, Northeast China under the disturbance of various severity fires

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	吴登瑜, 窦啸文, 汤孟平. 天目山针阔混交林结构与碳储量的关系 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(8): 2029-2038.
[2]	闫嘉杰, 李凤日, 谢龙飞, 苗铮, 董利虎. 混交比例对长白落叶松和水曲柳混交林碳储量及其分配格局的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(5): 1175-1182.
[3]	董灵波, 陈冠谋, 蔺雪莹, 刘兆刚. 基于CO₂FIX模型的长白落叶松人工林碳汇和木材生产模拟 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(10): 2653-2662.
[4]	马昕昕, 赵允格, 马宁, 李雯, 孙会, 许明祥. 放牧对黄土高原退耕草地土壤有机碳储量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(1): 67-75.
[5]	程分生, 尤龙辉, 叶功富, 游惠明, 聂森, 林文泉. 亚热带红壤侵蚀区马尾松不同套种模式生态系统碳平衡 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1163-1174.
[6]	陈科屹, 张会儒, 张博, 何友均. 基于地理加权回归拓展模型的天然次生林碳储量空间分布 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1175-1183.
[7]	季波, 何建龙, 王占军, 蒋齐. 宁夏天然草地植被碳储量特征及构成 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(4): 1259-1268.
[8]	李威, 黄玫, 张远东, 顾峰雪, 巩贺, 郭瑞, 钟秀丽, 严昌荣. 中国国家森林公园碳储量及固碳速率的时空动态 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 799-809.
[9]	何林倩, 刘倩, 王德彩, 张志华, 徐畅, 施梦月. 基于数字土壤制图技术的土壤有机碳储量估算 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(2): 591-600.
[10]	季波, 谢应忠, 何建龙, 王占军, 蒋齐. 宁夏典型温性天然草地固碳特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(11): 3657-3664.
[11]	刘亚男, 郗敏, 张希丽, 于政达, 孔范龙. 中国湿地碳储量分布特征及其影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(7): 2481-2489.
[12]	孙钰森, 王维芳, 李国春. 基于地理加权回归克里格模型的帽儿山地区森林碳储量空间分布 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(5): 1642-1650.
[13]	罗旭, 梁宇, 贺红士, 黄超, 张庆龙. 气候变化、林火和营林措施对寒温带典型森林生态弹性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(5): 1699-1712.
[14]	刘腾艳, 毛方杰, 李雪建, 邢璐琪, 董落凡, 郑钧泷, 张梦, 杜华强. 浙江省竹林地上碳储量的时空动态模拟及影响因素 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(5): 1743-1753.
[15]	贾炜玮, 孙赫明, 李凤日. 包含哑变量的黑龙江省落叶松人工林碳储量预测模型系统 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 814-822.