浙江披山海域主要虾蟹类时空生态位及种间联结性

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202107.035

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据2015年11月(秋季)、2016年2月(冬季)、5月(春季)、8月(夏季)在浙江披山附近海域进行的渔业资源调查数据,运用生态位测定、方差比率、χ²检验、Spearman检验和冗余分析等方法,研究了该海域主要虾蟹类的时空生态位特征和种间联结关系。该海域共鉴定出虾蟹类34种,隶属于14科20属,4个季节均出现的有10种,优势种为哈氏仿对虾、脊尾白虾和三疣梭子蟹。主要虾蟹类时间、空间和时空生态位宽度范围分别为0.03～1.34,2.07～3.63和0.08～4.64。生态位宽度聚类分析显示,在90%的相似性水平下,主要虾蟹类可分为窄、中、宽3个生态位宽度种组。此外,披山海域主要虾蟹类时空生态位重叠程度以低等级为主(68.9%的种对Q_ik值＜0.3),物种间对资源利用竞争不大。方差比率分析表明,主要虾蟹类总体以正联结性为主,其中11.1%的种对正联结关系显著。JI指数、OI指数和Spearman检验均显示,披山海域主要虾蟹类种间联结性在整体上趋于正相关。冗余分析表明,表温、底温和表盐是影响披山海域主要虾蟹类分布的主要环境因素。

关键词: 虾蟹类, 生态位, 种间联结, 披山海域, 环境因子

Abstract: Based on the fishery resource investigation data in Pishan waters of Zhejiang coastal area in November of 2015 (autumn), February (winter), May (spring) and August (summer) of 2016, we analyzed the spatio-temporal niche characteristics and interspecific association of the domi-nant shrimp and crab species using the methods of niche test, variance ratio, chi-square test, Spearman test and redundancy analysis. A total of 34 shrimp and crab species belonging to 14 families and 20 genera were identified. Among them, 10 species were collected in all the four seasons. Dominant species were Parapenaeopsis hardwickii, Exopalaemon carinicauda and Portunus trituberculatus. The temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal niche breadths of the major shrimp and crab species ranged from 0.03-1.34, 2.07-3.63 and 0.08-4.64, respectively. The cluster analysis of niche breadths suggested that all the species could be divided into narrow, medium and wide niche breadth groups under the 90% similarity level. In addition, the spatio-temporal niche overlap values of the major species in Pishan Sea were mainly at low level (68.9% of the species's Q_ik<0.3), implying little interspecific competition for resource utilization. The analysis of variance ratio showed that the major shrimp and crab species were mainly positively correlated, with 11.1% of the species showing significantly positive association. The JI index, OI index and Spearman test all showed the relationship between major shrimp and crab species tended to be positive correlation as a whole. Redundancy analysis showed that surface temperature, bottom temperature, and surface salinity were the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of shrimp and crab species in Pishan waters.

Key words: shrimp and crab, niche, interspecific association, Pishan water, environmental factor

蒋巧丽, 许永久, 郑基, 俞存根. 浙江披山海域主要虾蟹类时空生态位及种间联结性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(7): 2604-2614.

JIANG Qiao-li, XU Yong-jiu, ZHENG Ji, YU Cun-gen. Niches and interspecific association of major shrimp and crab species in Pishan waters of Zhejiang Province, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(7): 2604-2614.

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