不同硝化抑制剂对红壤氮素硝化作用及玉米产量和氮素利用率的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本研究分析添加不同种硝化抑制剂及其组合的高效稳定性氯化铵氮肥对红壤硝化作用、玉米产量和氮肥利用率的影响,旨在筛选出适合酸性红壤的高效稳定性氯化铵态氮肥。在氯化铵中分别添加硝化抑制剂2-氯-6-三甲基吡啶(CP)、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)和双氰胺(DCD)及其组合,制成6种高效稳定性氯化铵态氮肥,以不施氮肥(CK)和施氯化铵(N)为对照,进行等氮量玉米盆栽试验。结果表明: 与N处理相比,CP+DMPP和DMPP+DCD处理红壤中铵态氮含量提高56%～62%,显著高于CP、DMPP和DCD处理;土壤表观硝化率显著降低33%～34%。添加硝化抑制剂及其组合的6个处理均显著提高了玉米生物量和氮肥吸收利用率。与N处理相比,单独添加硝化抑制剂处理生物量均显著高于硝化抑制剂组合处理,平均提高1.3倍;添加DCD处理效果最显著,玉米籽粒产量、吸氮量和氮肥吸收利用率分别显著提高4.1、6.3和4.4倍。为了达到既能低成本又能提高产量和氮肥利用率的效果,在红壤上添加硝化抑制剂DCD是最佳选择。

关键词: 硝化抑制剂, 籽粒产量, 氮肥利用率, 铵态氮, 硝态氮, 表观硝化率

Abstract: We examined the effects of nitrification inhibitors (NIs) on soil nitrification, maize yield and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), aiming to screen out high efficiency stabilized ammonium chloride fertilizer in red soil. Nitrification inhibitors 2-chloro-6-trimethyl-pyridine (CP), 3, 4-dimethyl-pyrazolate phosphate (DMPP), and dicyandiamide (DCD) and their combinations were added into ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) to make six stabilized nitrogen fertilizers. With blank (CK) and NH₄Cl (N) as the controls, we conducted a maize pot experiment with the same amount of nitrogen addition. The results showed that compared with the treatment of N, soil ammonium content in CP+DMPP and DMPP+DCD increased by 56%-62%, which was significantly higher than that in CP, DMPP, and DCD, while the apparent nitrification rate of red soil was significantly reduced by 33%-34%. All the six treatments with nitrification inhibitors and their combinations significantly improved biomass and nitrogen absorption efficiency of maize. Compared with the N treatment, the application of adding NIs alone was significantly higher than that of the treatments of NIs combinations, with an average of 1.3 times increase. DCD was the most efficient one in improving maize yield, nitrogen uptake, and nitrogen adsorption efficiency, which increased by 4.1, 6.3 and 4.4 times, respectively. Comprehensively, DCD performed the best in reducing cost and improving yield and nitrogen use efficiency in red soil.

Key words: nitrification inhibitor, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, apparent nitrification rate.

崔磊,李东坡,武志杰,薛妍,肖富容,张可,李永华,郑野. 不同硝化抑制剂对红壤氮素硝化作用及玉米产量和氮素利用率的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(11): 3953-3960.

CUI Lei, LI Dong-po, WU Zhi-jie, XUE Yan, XIAO Fu-rong, ZHANG Ke, LI Yong-hua, ZHENG Ye. Effects of different nitrification inhibitors on nitrification, maize yield, and nitrogen use efficiency in red soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(11): 3953-3960.

参考文献 37

[1]	侯萌瑶, 张丽, 王知文, 等. 中国主要农作物化肥用量估算. 农业资源与环境学报, 2017, 34(4): 360-367[Hou M Y, Zhang L, Wang Z W, et al. Estimation of fertilizer usage from main crops in China. Journal of Agriculural Resources and Environment, 2017, 34(4): 360-367]
[2]	Coskun D, Britto DT, Shi WM, et al. Nitrogen transformations in modern agriculture and the role of biological nitrification inhibition. Nature Plants, 2017, 3: 1-10
[3]	Tao R, Li J, Guan Y, et al. Effects of urease and nitrification inhibitors on the soil mineral nitrogen dynamics and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions on calcareous soil. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2018, 25: 9155-9164
[4]	赵其国. 开拓资源优势, 创新研发潜力, 为我国南方红壤地区社会经济发展作贡献——纪念中国科学院红壤生态实验站建站30周年. 土壤, 2015, 47(2): 197-203[Zhao Q G. Exploiting resource advantage and innovating research and development potential for social and economic development in red soil region of southern China: In celebration of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of Ecological Experiment Station of Red Soil, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Soils, 2015, 47(2): 197-203]
[5]	刘生辉, 吴萌, 胡锋, 等. 添加硝化抑制剂DMPP对红壤水稻土硝化作用及微生物群落功能多样性的影响. 土壤, 2015, 47(2): 349-355[Liu S H, Wu M, Hu F, et al. Effect of DMPP on nitrification and functional diversity of microbial community in red paddy soil. Soils, 2015, 47(2): 349-355]
[6]	杨立杰, 张丽莉, 李东坡, 等. 硝化抑制剂和秸秆对潮棕壤碳氮转化和微生物群落特征的短期影响. 中国土壤与肥料, 2017(1): 86-91[Yang L J, Zhang L L, Li D P, et al. Short term effects of nitrification inhibitor and straw on aquic brown soil carbon and nitrogen mineralization and microbial community structure. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2017(1): 86-91]
[7]	Weiske A, Benckiser G, Herbert T, et al. Influence of the nitrification inhibitor 3, 4 dimethyl pyrazole phosphate (DMPP) in comparison to dicyandiamide (DCD) on nitrous oxide emissions, carbon dioxide fluxes and methane oxidation during 3 years of repeated application in field experiments. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 2001, 34: 109-117
[8]	章淑艳, 王素花, 孙志梅, 等. 不同氮肥施用方式及硝化抑制剂对小豆生长发育及氮素利用的影响. 河南农业科学, 2016, 45(10): 15-18[Zhang S Y, Wang S H, Sun Z M, et al. Effects of different N Fertili zer application patterns and nitrification inhibitor on growth and N utilization of Adzuki beans. Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences, 2016, 45(10): 15-18]
[9]	杨秀霞, 李慧, 商庆银, 等. 2 氯 6 三氯甲基吡啶对水稻生长和氮吸收的影响. 土壤通报, 2016, 47(5): 1184-1189[Yang X X, Li H, Shang Q Y, et al. Effect of 2 chloro 6 (trichloromethyl) pyridine on rice growth and nitrogen utilization. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2016, 47(5): 1184-1189]
[10]	孙志梅, 武志杰, 陈利军, 等. 硝化抑制剂的施用效果、影响因素及其评价. 应用生态学报, 2008, 19(7): 1611-1618[Sun Z M, Wu Z J, Chen L J, et al. Application effect, affecting factors, and evaluation of nitrification inhibitor: A review. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2008, 19(7): 1611-1618]
[11]	王小治, 孙伟, 尹微琴, 等. pH升高对红壤硝化过程产生N2O的影响. 土壤, 2009, 41(6): 962-967[Wang X Z, Sun W, Yi W Q, et al. Effects of pH on N2O emission from nitrification in acid soil. Soils, 2009, 41(6): 962-967]
[12]	Puttanna K, Nanje Gowda NM, Prakasa Rao E. Effect of concentration, temperature, moisture, liming and organic matter on the efficacy of the nitrification inhibitors benzotriazole, o nitrophenol, m nitroaniline and dicyandiamide. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 1999, 54: 251-257
[13]	Lu YF, Zhang XN, Jiang JF, et al. Effects of the biological nitrification inhibitor 1,9 decanediol on nitrification and ammonia oxidizers in three agricultural soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2019, 129: 48-59
[14]	油伦成, 李东坡, 崔磊, 等. 不同硝化抑制剂组合对铵态氮在黑土和褐土中转化的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(12): 2113-2121[You L C, Li D P, Cui L, et al. Effects of different nitrification inhibitor combinations on the transformation of ammonium nitrogen in black soil and cinnamon soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(12): 2113-2121]
[15]	王雪薇, 刘涛, 褚贵新. 三种硝化抑制剂抑制土壤硝化作用比较及用量研究. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(1): 54-61[Wang X W, Liu T, Chu G X. Inhibition of DCD, DMPP and nitrapyrin on soil nitrification and their appropriate use dosage. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2017, 23(1): 54-61]
[16]	刘瑜, 串丽敏, 安志装, 等. 硝化抑制剂双氰胺对褐土中尿素转化的影响. 农业环境科学学报, 2011, 30(12): 2496-2502[Liu Y, Chuan L M, An Z Z, et al. Effects of nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide on ammonium and nitrate nitrogen transformations in cinnamon soil. Journal of Agro Environment Science, 2011, 30(12): 2496-2502]
[17]	林江辉, 李辉信, 胡锋, 等. 干土效应对土壤生物组成及矿化与硝化作用的影响. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(6): 924-930[Lin J H, Li H X, Hu F, et al. Effects of rewetting on soil biota structure and nitrogen mineralization, nitrification in air dried red soil. Acta Pedologica Sinca, 2004, 41(6): 924-930]
[18]	葛均筑, 徐莹, 袁国印, 等. 覆膜对长江中游春玉米氮肥利用效率及土壤速效氮素的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(2): 296-306[Ge J Z, Xu Y, Yuan G Y, et al. Effects of film munching on nitrogen use efficiency of spring maize and soil available nitrogen varations in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2016, 22(2): 296-306]
[19]	戴宇, 贺纪正, 沈菊培. 双氰胺在农业生态系统中的应用效果及其影响因素. 应用态学报, 2014, 25(1): 279-286[Dai Y, He J Z, Shen J P. Effects and influence factors of dicyandiamide (DCD) application in agricultural ecosystem. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(1): 279-286]
[20]	崔磊, 李东坡, 武志杰, 等. 用于黑土的稳定性氯化铵的适宜硝化抑制剂和氮肥增效剂组合. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(12): 2178-2188[Cui L, Li D P, Wu Z J, et al. Suitable combination of nitrogen inhibitors and nitrogen synergist for production of stable ammonium chloride applied to black soil. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2019, 25(12): 2178-2188]
[21]	唐贤, 陆太伟, 黄晶, 等. 脲酶/硝化抑制剂双控下红壤性水稻土氮素变化特征. 中国土壤与肥料, 2018(6): 30-37[Tang X, Lu T W, Huang J, et al. Chara cteristics of nitrogen changing in red paddy soil under different ratios of NBPT and DMPP to urea. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2018(6): 30-37]
[22]	冯小杰, 战秀梅, 王颖, 等. 稳定性氮肥减施对春玉米氮素吸收及土壤无机氮供应的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(7): 1216-1225[Feng X J, Zhan X M, Wang Y, et al. Effects of stabilized nitrogen fertilizer reduction on nitrogen uptake of spring maize and inorganic nitrogen supply in soils. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(7): 1216-1225]
[23]	Cui M, Sun X, Hu C, et al. Effective mitigation of nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in intensive vegetable production systems using a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2011, 11: 722-730
[24]	Gong P, Zhang LL,Wu ZJ, et al. Responses of ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea in two agricultural soils to nitrification inhibitors DCD and DMPP: A pot experiment. Pedosphere, 2013, 23: 729-739
[25]	崔磊, 李东坡, 武志杰, 等. 高效稳定性硫酸铵氮肥在黑土中的施用效果. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(7): 2390-2398[Cui L, Li D P, Wu Z J, et al. Effects of high efficiency and stability ammonium sulfate fertilizer applied in black soil. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(7): 2390-2398]
[26]	Vogel C, Sekine R, Huang J, et al. Effects of a nitrification inhibitor on nitrogen species in the soil and the yield and phosphorus uptake of maize. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 715, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136895
[27]	Abalos D, Jeffery S, Sanz Cobena A, et al. Meta analysis of the effect of urease and nitrification inhibitors on crop productivity and nitrogen use efficiency. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2014, 189: 136-144
[28]	何威明, 保万魁, 王旭. 氮肥增效剂及其效果评价的研究进展. 中国土壤与肥料, 2011(3): 1-7[He W M, Bao W K, Wang X. Research advances on nitrogen fertilizer synergist and its effect evaluation. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2011(3): 1-7]
[29]	黄益宗, 冯宗炜, 王效科, 等. 硝化抑制剂在农业上的研究进展. 土壤通报, 2002, 33(4): 310-314[Huang Y Z, Feng Z W, Wang X K, et al. Research progress of nitrification inhibitors applied in agriculture. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2002, 33(4): 310-314]
[30]	刘红江, 殷跃军, 郭智, 等. 硝化抑制剂对小麦产量和氮素吸收利用的影响. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(2): 443-449[Liu H J, Yin Y J, Guo Z, et al. Effect of nitrification inhibitor on yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2019, 38(2): 443-449]
[31]	Vannelli T, Hooper AB. Oxidation of nitrification to 6 chloropicolinic acid by the ammonia oxidizing bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1992, 58: 2321-2325
[32]	武志杰, 石元亮, 李东坡, 等. 稳定性肥料发展与展望. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2017, 23(6): 1614-1621[Wu Z J, Shi Y L, Li D P, et al. The development and outlook of stabilized fertilizers. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2017, 23(6): 1614-1621]
[33]	朱兆良. 农田中氮肥的损失与对策. 土壤与环境, 2000, 9(1): 1-6[Zhu Z L. Loss of fertilizer N from plants soil system and the strategies and techniques for its reduction. Soil and Environmental Sciences, 2000, 9(1): 1-6]
[34]	Di HJ, Cameron KC. Inhibition of nitrification to mitigate nitrate leaching and nitrous oxide emissions in grazed grassland: A review. Journal of Soils and Sediments, 2016, 16: 1401-1420
[35]	吴得峰, 姜继韶, 高兵, 等. 添加DCD对雨养区春玉米产量、氧化亚氮排放及硝态氮残留的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(1): 30-39[Wu D F, Jiang J S, Gao B, et al. Effects of DCD addition on grain yield, N2O amission and residual nitrate N of spring maize in rain fed agriculture. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2016, 22(1): 30-39]
[36]	张昊青, 赵学强, 张玲玉, 等. 石灰和双氰胺对红壤酸化和硝化作用的影响及其机制. 土壤学报, 2021, 58(1): 169-179[Zhang H Q, Zhao X Q, Zhang L Y, et al. Effects of liming and dicyandiamide (DCD) application on soil pH and nitrification of acidic red soil. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2021, 58(1): 169-179]
[37]	Chen Q, Qi L, Bi Q, et al. Comparative effects of 3, 4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and dicyandiamide (DCD) on ammonia oxidizing bacteria and archaea in a vegetable soil. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2014, 99: 477-487