大兴安岭北部多年冻土区河岸森林湿地土壤性质和微生物呼吸活性特征

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202112.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 多年冻土区河岸森林湿地是水文、生态和生物化学过程的关键区域。本研究以河岸森林湿地及其与泥炭地的交错带土壤为对象,分析了腐殖质层和不同深度土壤理化性质、生态化学计量和微生物呼吸活性( 微生物生物量碳、基础呼吸、微生物熵和代谢熵)特征。结果表明: 与大兴安岭多年冻土区泥炭地和河岸森林湿地的交错带相比,河岸森林湿地土壤理化性质主要分异在20 cm土层以下,其总碳、总氮含量和碳磷比、氮磷比显著降低,生态化学计量特征的变化主要是由于氮含量变化引起的,说明河岸森林湿地土壤氮转移相对较快,存在氮限制;交错带湿地土壤中钠、镁、钾和钙含量主要在30 cm土层发生分异,而河岸森林湿地土壤中钠、镁、钾和钙含量主要在20 cm土层发生分异,其镁含量与土壤总碳、总氮和总磷含量显著相关,说明土壤镁含量是大兴安岭河岸森林湿地的重要营养元素;河岸森林湿地和交错带腐殖质层微生物呼吸活性高于其他层土壤,说明其易分解的碳组分含量高;河岸森林湿地和交错带土壤微生物呼吸活性与土壤理化性质、生态化学计量特征及营养元素的相关性存在差异,而河岸森林湿地土壤总氮含量与微生物呼吸活性显著相关,说明大兴安岭河岸带湿地土壤微生物活性受氮的限制。

关键词: 河岸森林湿地, 多年冻土, 生态化学计量, 微生物呼吸活性

Abstract: Riparian wetlands in permafrost regions are critical regions for hydrological, ecological, and biochemical processes. We studied the soils of riparian and transition wetlands and analyzed physicochemical properties, stoichiometry, and microbial respiration activities (microbial biomass carbon, basal respiration, microbial entropy, and metabolic entropy) of the humus layer and diffe-rent soil layers. The results showed that the main differentiation of soil physical and chemical pro-perties in riparian forest wetlands was below 20 cm. Compared to the wetlands of transition zone, total carbon content, total nitrogen content, C/P and N/P decreased significantly with soil depth in riparian forest wetlands. These changes in soil stoichiometry were mainly caused by soil nitrogen content. Such a result meant that the transferring of nitrogen was relatively fast and that there was nitrogen limitation. The main differentiation of Na, Mg, K and Ca in soil occurred in the 30 cm layer of the transition zone and the 20 cm layer of the riparian forest wetlands. The correlations between soil Mg content and total C, total N, total P contents were significant. It meant that the soil Mg was an important element to riparian wetlands in the Great Hing’an Mountains. Microbial respiration activities of the humus layer in riparian forest wetlands and transition zone were higher than those in the other soil layers, indicating that the content of labile carbon fractions was high. The correlations between soil microbial respiration activities and soil properties, stoichiometry, nutrient elements were different in riparian wetland and transition zone. Soil total nitrogen contents were significantly correlated with soil microbial respiration activities in riparian wetland, indicating that soil microbial respiration activities were limited by nitrogen in riparian wetland of the Great Hing’an Mountains.

Key words: riparian forest wetland, permafrost, stoichiometry, microbial respiration activity

王宪伟, 谭稳稳, 宋长春, 杜宇, 张豪, 陈宁. 大兴安岭北部多年冻土区河岸森林湿地土壤性质和微生物呼吸活性特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(12): 4237-4246.

WANG Xian-wei, TAN Wen-wen, SONG Chang-chun, DU Yu, ZHANG Hao, CHEN Ning. Soil properties and microbial respiration activities of riparian forest wetland in the north of permafrost zone, the Great Hing’an Mountains, Northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(12): 4237-4246.

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