土壤微生物膜生理生态功能研究进展

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.006

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (7): 1885-1892.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202207.006

土壤微生物膜生理生态功能研究进展

阿拉萨^1,2,3, 高广磊^1,2,3*, 丁国栋^1,2,3, 张英^1,2,3, 曹红雨^1,2,3, 杜宇佳¹

¹北京林业大学水土保持学院林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心, 北京 100083;
²宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 宁夏吴忠 751500;
³水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2021-12-05 接受日期:2022-04-27 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2023-01-15
通讯作者: *E-mail: gaoguanglei@bjfu.edu.cn
作者简介:阿拉萨, 男, 1997年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事荒漠化防治研究。E-mail: alasa@bjfu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0507101)和国家自然科学基金项目(31600583)资助。

Eco-physiological functions of soil microbial biofilms: A review

A La-sa^1,2,3, GAO Guang-lei^1,2,3*, DING Guo-dong^1,2,3, ZHANG Ying^1,2,3, CAO Hong-yu^1,2,3, DU Yu-jia¹

¹Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, College of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
²Yanchi Ecology Research Station of the Mu Us Desert, Wuzhong 751500, Ningxia, China;
³Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2021-12-05 Accepted:2022-04-27 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2023-01-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 土壤微生物膜是由土壤细菌及其分泌物积聚形成的生物群落,是生物土壤结皮的初始形态和重要组成部分。作为土壤细菌生命过程中最典型的生存形式,土壤微生物膜不仅能保护基质内细胞生存,还可黏附于土壤颗粒和植物根系表面,发挥重要的生态功能。本文在解析土壤微生物膜结构与组成的基础上,从土壤质量与植物健康两个方面总结分析了土壤微生物膜生理生态功能:土壤微生物膜代谢活性高于游离细胞,可高效分泌胞外聚合物并且具有更强的有机物质转化速率,在提升土壤肥力,吸附、固持和降解土壤污染物和促进土壤团聚体形成方面具有重要意义;土壤微生物膜可通过多种微生物间协同作用、促进分泌多种促生物质与胞外聚合物以发挥固持作用等改善植物养分利用状况,增强植物抗逆性。揭示土壤微生物膜生态功能的微观机制、筛选和应用功能性土壤微生物膜是未来重要的发展方向。

关键词: 土壤微生物膜, 胞外聚合物, 土壤质量, 植物生长, 土壤抗蚀性

Abstract: Soil microbial biofilms (SMBs) are a biological community of soil bacteria and their accumulative extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which are the initial status and the most important components of biological soil crusts. SMBs, as the most common mode of soil bacterium survival, not only greatly contribute to the survival of free-living cells, but also stick to soil particles and roots, performing a variety of important ecological functions. Based on the structure and composition analysis of SMBs, we gave a summary of eco-physiological functions of SMBs involving soil quality and plant health. SMBs have higher metabolic activity than free-living cells. It promotes EPS secretion and organic turnover, which is important for soil fertility, pollutant decomposition, and aggregate formation. SMBs help improve plant nutrient utilization and stress resistance through the synergy of microorganisms, promotion of plant growth, promoting substance secretion and immobilization of EPS. In the future, it will be critical to uncover the micro-mechanisms underlying SMBs’ eco-physiological functions and to screen functional soil bacterium strains.

Key words: soil microbial biofilm, extracellular polymeric substance, soil quality, plant growth, soil erosion resistance

阿拉萨, 高广磊, 丁国栋, 张英, 曹红雨, 杜宇佳. 土壤微生物膜生理生态功能研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(7): 1885-1892.

A La-sa, GAO Guang-lei, DING Guo-dong, ZHANG Ying, CAO Hong-yu, DU Yu-jia. Eco-physiological functions of soil microbial biofilms: A review[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(7): 1885-1892.

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土壤微生物膜生理生态功能研究进展

Eco-physiological functions of soil microbial biofilms: A review

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