睡莲叶脐着生胎芽与叶片不同部位碳水化合物代谢的关系

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202209.010

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解睡莲叶脐胎芽的发育机理,以广热带亚属胎生睡莲‘玛格丽特’和‘鲁比’为材料,非胎生睡莲‘粉星’为对照,采用石蜡切片技术观察叶脐胎芽发育4个时期的形态变化,并比较胎生与非胎生睡莲叶片不同部位碳水化合物代谢的差异性。结果表明: 叶片展开后,胎生睡莲叶脐表皮以下细胞不断分裂和生长,形成排列紧密的细胞群,并逐渐向上凸起呈球形,非胎生睡莲叶脐则无任何变化。随着叶片的不断发育,除蔗糖和酶活性以外,各生理指标在胎生睡莲叶片中的含量均表现为先升后降,显著高于非胎生睡莲;从不同部位来看,碳水化合物含量总体表现为叶片>叶脐>叶柄(淀粉含量除外,其叶脐高于叶片和叶柄);不同品种蔗糖代谢酶活性表现为蔗糖合成酶(SS)和酸性转化酶(AI)活性高于蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和中性转化酶(NI)活性,胎生睡莲不同组织中的SPS和NI活性均显著高于非胎生睡莲,但SS和AI活性在胎生睡莲中并未表现出明显的品种优势;AI活性在品种间差异大,NI活性在品种间差异较小,且在不同组织中均处于较低水平。相关性分析表明,‘鲁比’叶片的蔗糖含量与SPS和AI呈极显著正相关,与NI呈显著正相关,且蔗糖含量的积累主要增加了睡莲叶片的SS和NI活性,有利于促进胎芽的形成。

关键词: 热带睡莲, 胎芽, 形态解剖, 碳水化合物, 蔗糖代谢酶

Abstract: To understand the development mechanism of the epiphyllous bud of waterlily, we examined the morphological anatomy of the leaf-navel epiphyllous bud by paraffin section technique at four stages, and compared the differences of carbohydrate metabolism between viviparous and non-viviparous waterlily leaves. Three tropical waterlily cultivars of Brachyceras were used, including two viviparous cultivars Nymphaea ‘Margaret Mary’, Nymphaea ‘Ruby’, and a non-viviparous cultivar Nymphaea ‘Pink Star’. The results showed that parenchyma cells below the epidermis of leaf-navel divided and grew continuously after the leaf unfolded, forming a closely arranged cell cluster in viviparous waterlily and raised upward to a spherical shape. In contrast, no change was observed in leaf-navel of non-viviparous waterlily with the expansion of leaves. With the development of leaves, the contents of all physiological variables except sucrose and enzyme activities in the leaves of viviparous waterlily showed a first increase and then a decrease, which was significantly higher than those of non-viviparous waterlily. The carbohydrate contents in different parts showed the order of leaf > leaf-navel > petiole (except for starch content, which was highest in the leaf-navel). The activities of sucrose synthase (SS) and acid invertase (AI) were higher than those of sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and neutral invertase (NI). The activities of SPS and NI in different tissues of viviparous waterlily were significantly higher than those in non-viviparous one, but SS and AI did not show pronounced cultivar advantage in viviparous cultivars. AI activity varied greatly among cultivars, whereas NI activity varied less and was at a low level in different tissues. The sucrose of Nymphaea ‘Ruby’ leaves was positively correlated with the SPS and AI, and significantly associated with NI. The accumulation of sucrose content increased the activities of SS and NI of waterlily leaves, which was conducive to promoting the formation of epiphyllous buds.

Key words: tropical waterlily, epiphyllous bud, morphological anatomy, carbohydrate, sucrose metabolic enzymes

谢欢, 艾星梅, 李宇航, 赵财宝, 孙媛媛. 睡莲叶脐着生胎芽与叶片不同部位碳水化合物代谢的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(9): 2431-2440.

XIE Huan, AI Xing-mei, LI Yu-hang, ZHAO Cai-bao, SUN Yuan-yuan. Relationship between epiphyllous bud of tropical waterlily (Brachyceras)umbilics and carbohydrate meta-bolism in different parts of leaves[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(9): 2431-2440.

参考文献

[1] Bello FH, Maiha BB, Aunka JA. The effect of methanol rhizome extract of Nympheae lotus Linn. (Nympheaeceae) in animal models of diaeehoea. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2016, 190: 13-21
[2] Park G, Sim Y, Lee W, et al. Protection on skin aging mediated by antiapoptosis effects of the water lily (Nympheae tetragona Georgl) via reactive oxygen species scavenging in human epidermal keratinocytes. Pharmacology, 2016, 97: 282-293
[3] Sun CQ, Chen FD, Teng NJ. Transcriptomic and proteomic analysis reveals mechanisms of low pollen-pistil compatibility during waterlily cross breeding. BMC Plant Biology, 2019, 19: 542
[4] 黄国振, 邓惠勤, 李祖修, 等. 睡莲. 北京: 中国林业出版社, 2008: 23-28
[5] 李庆顺, 乔红梅, 周晓璇. 红树植物的胎生现象及其组学研究进展. 厦门大学学报, 2021, 60(2): 339-347
[6] García-Beltran JA, Barrios D, Gonzalez-Torres LR, et al. Vivipary in cuban cacti and an assessment of establishment success in Leptocereus scopulophilus. Journal of Arid Environments, 2021, 184: 104322
[7] 王玉萍, 高会会, 张峰, 等. 珠芽蓼叶片对海拔变化的表型可塑性. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(6): 2070-2078
[8] Sun J, Shimizu-Inatsugi R, Hofhuis H, et al. A recently formed triploid Cardamine insueta inherits leaf vivipary and submergence tolerance traits of parents. Frontiers in Genetics, 2020, 11: 567262
[9] Melisa ZL, Gloria GB, Silvia FM. Perianth organs in Nymphaeaceae: Comparative study on epidermal and structural characters. Journal of Plant Research, 2017, 130: 1047-1060
[10] Povilus RA, Losada JM, Friedman WE. Floral biology and ovule and seed ontogeny of Nymphaea thermarum, a waterlily at the brink of extinction with potential as a model system for basal angiosperms. Annals of Botany, 2015, 115: 211-226
[11] Dkhar J, Kumaria S, Rao S, et al. New insights into character evolution, hybridization and diversity of Indian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae): Evidence from molecular and morphological data. Systematics & Biodiversity, 2013, 11: 77-86
[12] 苏群, 杨亚涵, 田敏, 等. 49份睡莲资源表型多样性分析及综合评价. 西南农业学报, 2019, 32(11): 2670-2681
[13] Casillas-Álvarez P, Reyes-Olivas Á, Sánchez-Soto BH, et al. Differential germination associated with facultative vivipary in Stenocereus thurberi (Cactaceae): Climatic correlations in marginal populations in Sinaloa, Mexico. Acta Botanica Mexicana, 2018, 123: 51-66
[14] Li C, Wang M, Luo X. Uptake of uranium from aqueous solution by Nymphaea tetragona Georgi: The effect of the accompanying heavy metals. Applied Radiation and Isotopes, 2019, 150: 157-163
[15] Zhao Y, Fan YY, Yu WG, et al. Ultrasound-enhanced subcritical fluid extraction of essential oil from Nymphaea abla var. and its antioxidant activity. Journal of AOAC International, 2019, 102: 1448-1454
[16] 宗小香, 闵梦月, 孙广芳, 等. 铁-碳内电解质下4种水生植物的净水效果. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(7): 2084-2090
[17] 段国禄, 施江. 植物制片、标本制作和植物鉴定. 北京: 气象出版社, 2008: 18
[18] 谌智鑫, 赵尊练, 周倩, 等. 不同储藏条件对干辣椒品质的影响. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(9): 381-386
[19] 赵世杰, 史国安, 董新纯, 等. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 中国农业科学技术出版社, 2002: 84-85
[20] 张志良, 瞿伟菁. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2003: 127-128
[21] 李勇刚, 季景玉, 张跃进, 等. 黄精种子营养成分的测定与分析. 西北植物学报, 2009, 29(8): 1692-1696
[22] 高俊凤, 孙群, 曹翠玲, 等. 植物生理学实验指导. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2006
[23] Ashokan A, Gowda V. Describing terminologies and discussing records: More discoveries of facultative vivipary in the genus Hedychium J. Koenig (Zingiberaceae) from Northeast India. PhytoKeys, 2018, 96: 21-34
[24] 周晓旋, 蔡玲玲, 傅梅萍, 等. 红树植物胎生现象研究进展. 植物生态学报, 2016, 40(12): 1328-1343
[25] 郑豪亮, 张晨晨, 张博勇, 等. 外源激动素与2,4-表油菜素内脂对元宝枫叶和翅果碳水化合物代谢的影响. 西北林学院学报, 2020, 35(3): 100-105
[26] 郑莉, 李梅, 吴学尉, 等. 米勒魔芋休眠解除过程中激素以及糖类变化. 山西农业科学, 2020, 48(3): 358-363
[27] 樊金萍, 王冰, 阎凤霞, 等. 丹卷百合珠芽发育形态特征及生理变化研究. 东北农业大学学报, 2019, 50(2): 18-27
[28] Wan HJ, Wu LM, Yang YJ, et al. Evolution of sucrose metabolism: The dichotomy of invertases and beyond. Trends in Plant Science, 2018, 23: 163-177
[29] Zhu JH, Qi JY, Fang YJ, et al. Characterization of sugar contents and sucrose metabolizing enzymes in developing leaves of Hevea brasiliensis. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018, 9: 58-68
[30] 叶红霞, 吕律, 王同林, 等. 不同变种甜瓜糖分积累及蔗糖代谢酶活性动态变化. 核农学报, 2019, 33(10): 1959-1966
[31] Ruan YL. Sucrose metabolism: Gateway to diverse carbonuse and sugar signaling. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2014, 65: 33-67