长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落种类组成和多样性时空变化

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202209.029

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (8): 2237-2243.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202209.029

长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落种类组成和多样性时空变化

邹建宇¹, 薛莹^1,2,3, 纪毓鹏^1,3, 张崇良^1,2,3, 刘晓慧⁴, 任一平^1,2,3, 徐宾铎^1,2,3*

¹中国海洋大学水产学院, 山东青岛 266003;
²青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室, 海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室, 山东青岛 266237;
³海州湾渔业生态系统教育部野外科学观测研究站, 山东青岛 266003;
⁴山东省海洋生物研究院, 山东青岛 266104

收稿日期:2021-07-08 接受日期:2022-03-23 出版日期:2022-08-15 发布日期:2023-02-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: bdxu@ouc.edu.cn
作者简介:邹建宇, 男, 1998年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事渔业资源生态学研究。E-mail: 88015321@qq.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901205)资助。

Spatio-temporal variations in species composition and diversity of fish communities in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands, China

ZOU Jian-yu¹, XUE Ying^1,2,3, JI Yu-peng^1,3, ZHANG Chong-liang^1,2,3, LIU Xiao-hui⁴, REN Yi-ping^1,2,3, XU Bin-duo^1,2,3*

¹College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China;
²Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China;
³Field Observation and Research Station of Haizhou Bay Fishery Ecosystem, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, China;
⁴Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, Shandong, China

Received:2021-07-08 Accepted:2022-03-23 Online:2022-08-15 Published:2023-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解黄、渤海生态系统交错带长山列岛邻近水域鱼类群落种类组成和多样性,根据2016年10月,2017年1月、5月及8月进行的鱼类资源底拖网调查数据,应用相对重要性指数、物种多样性指数、k优势度曲线等方法,研究了长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落种类组成、物种多样性时空变化及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明: 该海域共计捕获鱼类77种,以温水性、底层、洄游性鱼类为主,优势种组成季节变化明显,春季、冬季主要优势种为黄鮟鱇,夏季以日本鲭、鳀等中上层鱼类为主。全年共计出现洄游性鱼类46种,季节间物种迁移指数均在100以上,其中秋季物种迁移指数最大。鱼类群落物种丰富度指数在春季最高、Shannon多样性指数和均匀度指数在秋季最高。夏季物种丰富度指数与表层水温呈显著负相关;冬季物种丰富度指数与水深、底层水温呈极显著正相关,Shannon多样性指数与底层水温呈极显著正相关。长山列岛邻近海域作为黄、渤海两大生态系统的交错带,鱼类群落表现出高物种多样性、洄游种多以及明显的时空异质性。

关键词: 鱼类群落, 种类组成, 物种多样性, 生态交错带

Abstract: In order to understand species composition and diversity of fish communities in the ecotone between the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, we examined species composition and temporal and spatial variations of fish species diversity using the relative importance index (IRI), species diversity index and k dominance curve based on bottom trawl survey data of fish resources in the adjacent waters of the Changshan Islands in October 2016, January, May and August 2017. The results showed that 77 fish species were captured, mainly temperate water fishes, demersal fishes and migratory fishes. The dominant species exhibited obvious seasonal variation. The dominant species in spring and winter were Lophius litulon, and those in summer were pelagic species such as Scomber japonicus and Engraulis japonicus. A total of 46 migratory fish species were found throughout the year. The seasonal species migration indices were all higher than 100, while the species migration index was the largest in autumn. The species diversity index showed high spatial and temporal dynamics, with the highest species richness in spring and the highest Shannon diversity and evenness in autumn. There was a significant negative correlation between species richness and sea surface temperature in summer, significant positive correlations between species richness and depth and bottom temperature in winter, and a significant positive correlation between Shannon diversity index and sea bottom temperature. In short, fish community showed high species diversity, rich migratory species and obvious temporal and spatial heterogeneity in the adjacent waters of the Changshan Islands, which is an ecotone between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea.

Key words: fish community, species composition, species diversity, ecotone

邹建宇, 薛莹, 纪毓鹏, 张崇良, 刘晓慧, 任一平, 徐宾铎. 长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落种类组成和多样性时空变化[J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(8): 2237-2243.

ZOU Jian-yu, XUE Ying, JI Yu-peng, ZHANG Chong-liang, LIU Xiao-hui, REN Yi-ping, XU Bin-duo. Spatio-temporal variations in species composition and diversity of fish communities in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2022, 33(8): 2237-2243.

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长山列岛邻近海域鱼类群落种类组成和多样性时空变化

Spatio-temporal variations in species composition and diversity of fish communities in the adjacent waters of Changshan Islands, China

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