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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 2845-2852.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202210.028

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

超声波对铜绿微囊藻与蛋白核小球藻生理特征及竞争生长的影响

谭啸1, 徐杨雪1, 李聂贵2, 段志鹏1,3*, 蒋瑀霁4, 曾庆飞5, 强娟6   

  1. 1河海大学环境学院, 浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室, 南京 210098;
    2水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所, 南京 210012;
    3河海大学水文水资源学院, 南京 210098;
    4中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;
    5中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室, 南京 210008;
    6常州市武进区水利局, 江苏常州 213115
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-02 修回日期:2022-03-03 出版日期:2022-10-15 发布日期:2023-04-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: hhualgae@163.com
  • 作者简介:谭啸, 男, 1980年生, 博士, 教授。主要从事藻类生态学与藻华防控研究。E-mail: hhualgae@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32071569)、2020年度中国科学院科研仪器设备研制项目(YJKYYQ20200048)、中央高校科研业务费(B210202010)和中国博士后基金(2020M681472)

Effects of ultrasound on the physiological characteristics and competitive growth between Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa

TAN Xiao1, XU Yang-xue1, LI Nie-gui2, DUAN Zhi-peng1,3*, JIANG Yu-ji4, ZENG Qing-fei5, QIANG Juan6   

  1. 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
    2Nanjing Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydrology Automation, Ministry of Water Resources, Nanjing 210012, China;
    3College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
    4State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    5State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
    6Water Resources Bureau of Wujin District in Changzhou City, Changzhou 213115, Jiangsu, China
  • Received:2021-09-02 Revised:2022-03-03 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2023-04-15

摘要: 铜绿微囊藻是常见的水华蓝藻,常常在湖泊中与蛋白核小球藻共存或竞争生长。超声波可用于藻华即时治理,能够降低藻类生理活性,影响藻类生长,还可能改变藻类种间竞争关系。为了探究超声胁迫(35 kHz,0.035 W·cm-3)对铜绿微囊藻与蛋白核小球藻的生理特征及种间竞争的影响,本研究设置纯藻组和1:1混合组(细胞浓度比)进行试验。结果表明: 铜绿微囊藻对超声胁迫更加敏感。超声处理600 s后,铜绿微囊藻的光合活性(Fv/Fm)和酯酶活性存在显著变化,纯藻组和混合组的Fv/Fm分别降低了51.8%和64.7%。而各组中蛋白核小球藻的光合活性变化较小。同时,铜绿微囊藻释放的荧光溶解性有机物(类色氨酸、类酪氨酸、类富里酸物质)含量多于蛋白核小球藻。两种藻的细胞浓度对超声波的响应也不同,蛋白核小球藻变化较小,而铜绿微囊藻的细胞浓度出现不同程度的下降。尤其是600 s超声处理大幅降低了混合组中铜绿微囊藻的细胞浓度(-42.6%),在超声胁迫解除后的8 d内蛋白核小球藻占优势,种间关系由铜绿微囊藻单边抑制蛋白核小球藻转变为两者互相抑制。在超声处理后,铜绿微囊藻的活性能够逐渐恢复,为了提高控藻效果的持久性,建议在一周后再次进行超声处理。

关键词: 超声波, 铜绿微囊藻, 蛋白核小球藻, 生理特性, 种间竞争, 水华

Abstract: Microcystis aeruginosa is a common bloom-forming cyanobacterium, which generally coexists and competes with Chlorella pyrenoidosa in lakes. Sonication can be used for emergency management of algal blooms. Ultrasound influences algal growth and physiological parameters, as well as interspecific competition in algal community. To explore the effects of ultrasonic stress (35 kHz, 0.035 W·cm-3) on physiological characteristics and interspecific competition of algae, M. aeruginosa and C. pyrenoidosa were sonicated in mono- and co-cultures (1:1 mixture, according to cell concentration). Results showed that M. aeruginosa was more sensitive to ultrasonic stress. After the sonication for 600 s, both photosynthetic activity (Fv/Fm) and esterase activity of M. aeruginosa showed significant changes, with Fv/Fm values in mono- and co-cultures being decreased by 51.8% and 64.7%, respectively. In comparison, Fv/Fm values of C. pyrenoidosa changed slightly. M. aeruginosa released more chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM, including tryptophan-, tyrosine-, and fulvic-like substances) than C. pyrenoidosa. The cell concentration of C. pyrenoidosa showed little changes regardless of sonication time, while the cell concentration of M. aeruginosa decreased at different degrees. The cell concentration of M. aeruginosa in co-cultures decreased by 42.6% after sonication for 600 s, which might be responsible for the dominance of C. pyrenoidosa during 8 days after sonication. M. aeruginosa inhibited C. pyrenoidosa in other treatments, but mutual inhibition appeared in the 600 s sonication treatment. After ultrasonic treatment, the activity of M. aeruginosa could recover gradually. The treatment should be conducted again within a week to improve the persistence of algal control.

Key words: ultrasound, Microcystis aeruginosa, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, physiological characteristic, interspecific competition, algal bloom