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应用生态学报 ›› 1996, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (4): 371-376.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

北方稻田生态系统水量平衡及水分效率研究

罗良国, 许健民, 罗启仕, 闻大中   

  1. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳110015
  • 收稿日期:1996-01-02 修回日期:1996-03-28 出版日期:1996-10-25 发布日期:1996-10-25
  • 基金资助:

    中国科学院"八五"重大项目

Water balance and its efficiency in rice field ecosystems of nothern China

Luo Liangguo, XuJianmin, Luo Qishi, Wen Dazhong   

  1. Institute of Applied Ecology. Academia Sinica, Shenyang 110015
  • Received:1996-01-02 Revised:1996-03-28 Online:1996-10-25 Published:1996-10-25

摘要: 1993~1995年研究了5种不同模式水稻田生态系统水量平衡及水分效率结果表明,不同水稻田模式其总耗水量之间有明显差异,其中节水模式和节水节肥模式较常规模式节省灌溉水达15~23%,水分生产效率增加30%以上.各模式蒸发蒸腾耗水量在同一生长季内基本相同.田间结构及调控管理对其无明显影响实测水稻生育期田间蒸发蒸腾量与计算的可能蒸发蒸腾量相差不过5%.

关键词: 单季稻, 稻田生态系统, 水分平衡, 水分效率, 蒸发蒸腾量, 固沙植物, 水分来源, 根系分布, 生活型

Abstract: The water balance and its efficiency in five rice field ecosystems were studied at the lower reaches plain of Liaohe river from i993 to 1995. The resulls show that there is a significant difference of total water consumptioll among different rice field patterns. Comparing with conventlollal pattern, the improved irrigation and improved irrigation-[ertilization patterns can save 15~23% of itrigatioll water and increase 30% of water efficiency. During the same growing season, each pattern has a similar evapotranspiration, and field stlxicture and control nlanagemen[ have no influence on it. During rice development pened, the difference between field and potential evaPOtranspirations is less than 5%.

Key words: Single-cropping rice, Rice field ecosystem, Water balance, Water efficiency, Evapotranspiration, sand-binding plant, life form, water source, root distribution