林地生态需水量计算方法与应用

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 从树木生长强度与土壤水分含量、蒸散量的相互关系出发,提出了林地生态需水量的等级标准和计算方法,并以黄淮海地区为例,采用GIS技术对该地区林地生态需水量进行了估算,分析了该地区林地在现状用水状况下的生态缺水量.结果表明,该地区林地年生态需水量约2.56×10¹⁰～4.58×10¹⁰m³,在满足最小生态需水量要求下林地缺水量约为2.8×10⁹m³,在满足适宜性生态需水要求下林地缺水量约为8.4×10⁹m³.

关键词: 林地, 生态需水, 蒸散, 土壤水分, 黄淮海地区, 可持续发展, 能值分析, 石漠化控制, 石榴, 云南省

Abstract: The evapotranspiration and soil moisture content of forestland were studied in relation to free growth. It was found that when the soil moisture content was about 45～100 % of field capacity and the actual evapotranspiration came up to 60～100 % of potential evapotranspiration,the growth of trees could be sustained. On the basis of our research,the grading standard and calculation method of ecological water requirement of forestland were established. Moreover,the ecological water requirement for forestland in Huang Huai Hai area was estimated by GIStechnology,and its ecological water shortage was compared to its current water consumption. The results indicated of that the annual ecological water requirement of forestland in Huang Huai Hai region was 25.6～45.8 billion m³,and its current water consumption was approximately 2.8 billion m³ below the minimum of ecological water requirement,and 8.4 billion m³ below the optimal ecological water requirement.

Key words: Forestland, Ecological water requirement, Evapotranspiration, Soil moisture content, Huang-Huai-Hai region, pomegranate, emery analysis, sustainable development, desertification control, Yunnan Province

中图分类号:

S717
X321

张远, 杨志峰. 林地生态需水量计算方法与应用[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (12): 1566-1570.

ZHANG Yuan, YANG Zhifeng . Calculation method of ecological water requirement for forestland and its application to Huang-Huai-Hai Region[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (12): 1566-1570.

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