甘肃临泽绿洲景观的空间结构与生产特性

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 绿洲景观生态系统包括居民点、耕地、林地、草地、水域、岩漠、砾漠、沙漠、道路、水系10种景观组分;基质为耕地,成因类型为引入型;斑块包括居民点、林地、草地、水域、岩漠、砾漠、沙漠7种类型.成因类型可以分为3类:居民点、林地、耕地为引入型,岩漠、砾漠、沙漠为残留型,草地为环境资源型及残留型;廊道包括水系和道路2种类型,道路的廊道密度为水系的1.03倍.耕地以植物生产为主,在利用上应增加生产层次,发展动物生产,避免扩大面积,以维持景观生态系统的景观异质性和景观多样性.对于具有环境资源型和残留型成因特征的景观要素,适当减少生产层次,开发前植物生产,发挥水土涵养、旅游休闲、防风固沙的生态功能,有利于景观异质性与多样性的维持与稳定.对于以残留型为主的成因类型,利用上应发掘前植物生产的潜力,适当发展植物生产,可以避免景观结构的恶化.

关键词: 河西走廊, 绿洲景观生态系统, 景观结构, 生产特性

Abstract: Oasis landscape ecosystem is composed of 10 landscape elements,i.e,residence land,cultivated land,grassland,forestland,water area, water system, road, rocky desert, sandy desert, and gravel desert. Among the elements, cultivated land formed by human being production covers the most of the area,is most connected, and hence,is the matrix of the oasis landscape ecosystem. Residence land, grassland, forestland, water area, rocky desert, sandy desert, and gravel desert are patches. Residence land and forestland generate from human being production,while rocky desert, gravel desert and sandy desert are the remnant with the human being disturbance. Water region and grassland are the environmental resources remnant after natural disturbance. Water system and road are corridors.Cultivated land dominated in plant production should be utilized with more productive layers through developing animal production other than expanding used area to maintain the landscape heterogeneity and diversity of the oasis landscape ecosystem. For remnant and environmental resource patches, it should be profitable in preserving and stabilizing landscape heterogeneity and diversity, exploiting the functions of water and soil conservation, tourism, windbreak and sand fixation. For landscape elements remnant only, it should be fruitful in avoiding degeneration of the landscape pattern to explore their preceding plant production with moderate plant production.

Key words: Hexi corridor, Oasis landscape ecosystem, Landscape pattern, Productivity

中图分类号:

S69
Q149

刘学录, 任继周, 张自和. 甘肃临泽绿洲景观的空间结构与生产特性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (8): 975-978.

LIU Xuelu, REN Jizhou, ZHANG Zihe . Landscape pattern and productivity characteristics of the oasis landscape ecosystem in Linze,Gansu,China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (8): 975-978.

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