表面活性剂对土壤中多环芳烃生物有效性影响的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 表面活性剂能够改变多环芳烃(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)在土壤中的溶解度、吸附/解吸平衡和与土壤微生物的相互作用,从而改变PAHs的生物有效性.表面活性剂主要通过降低土壤-水之间的界面张力、增加PAHs的溶解度、促进PAHs的运输等方式来加强PAHs的生物有效性;但由于表面活性剂本身对微生物的毒害作用或无毒的表面活性剂优先作为微生物的生长基质,可能会对PAHs的生物有效性起到抑制作用.另外,表面活性剂对土壤中不同形态的PAHs生物有效性的影响不同.表面活性剂、PAHs和土壤微生物的类型浓度以及土壤的物理化学条件等都对PAHs的生物有效性有影响.

关键词: 表面活性剂, 多环芳烃, 生物有效性

Abstract: The solubility and adsorption/desorption equilibrium of PAHs in soil and their interaction with soil bacterium can be altered by surfactants,which lead to the alternation of PAHs bioavailability.The bioavailability of PAHs can be enhanced by the decrease of interface tension between soil and water,the increasement of PAHs' solubility,and the transportation facilitation of PAHs in the presence of surfactants.It also can be inhibited by the surfactant toxicity to the bacteria or by the competitive ultilization between non-toxicitic surfactants and PAHs by the bacteria.In addition,the effects of surfactants on the PAHs of different existence-forms in soils are different.The bioavailability of PAHs can be affected by the type and concentrion of surfactants,PAHs and soil microorganisms,and also by soil physi-chemical characteristics.

中图分类号:

X171

姜霞, 井欣, 高学晟, 区自清. 表面活性剂对土壤中多环芳烃生物有效性影响的研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (9): 1179-1186.

JIANG Xia, JING Xin, GAO Xuesheng, OU Ziqing . Advances in studies on the effect of surfactant on bioavailability of polycylcic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2002, (9): 1179-1186.

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