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应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (10): 1687-1691.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

涝渍地农业示范小区综合整治开发的理论与方法研究

田小海, 黄永平, 黄智敏, 雷慰慈, 日高修吾   

  1. 湖北农学院, 湖北省涝渍地开发工程技术研究中心, 荆州 434103
  • 收稿日期:2002-06-03 修回日期:2002-12-20
  • 通讯作者: 田小海,男,1961年,副教授,博士,主要从事作物栽培与农业区域开发,发表论文10余篇.E-mail:xiaohait@sina.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    中日技术合作项目(GK1996-142);湖北省“九五”重大科技计划资助项目(962P0503)

Theoretical and methodological research on the comprehensive development of agricultural model zone in waterlogged area

TIAN Xiaohai, HUANG Yongping, HUANG Zhimin, LEI Weici, HIGATA Shugo   

  1. Hubei Agricultural College, Hubei Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Wetland Development, Jingzhou 434025, China
  • Received:2002-06-03 Revised:2002-12-20

摘要: 寻求与当地自然条件和农业经济水平相适应的土地开垦及其合理利用方式,是我国南方涝渍地域面临的一个重要问题.选择江汉平原四湖地区一个由湖泊垦殖形成的碟形微域作为研究对象,借助对该地区进行综合开发的契机,对其生态学特点、开发模式等进行了重新探讨.结果表明,该地区随地面高程的梯级递变,土壤类型、剖面结构、土壤水分和土壤温度动态变化等方面存在明显的梯级分异特征,总体上可分成5个梯级.根据对该梯级分异的具体面积和位置的分析,该地区存在水稻面积过大,低湖地区资源利用不合理,水旱轮作地区农田整治水平低,利用不充分等问题.通过对其进行工程整治,将原有的5个梯级归并成4个梯级;在此基础上开展以农业综合开发和优化农作制度为主要内容的“梯级开发”,使该地区的农业经营效益得到大幅度提高.

关键词: 涝渍地, 梯级分布, 梯级开发模式

Abstract: The searching for a proper land reclamation and utilization method adapted to the regional natural conditions and economical level is a prime subject in the waterlogged area of Southern China.Choosing a dish-like micro-zone, one of the typical waterlogged areas deprived from a reclaimed lake as the studying region, its biophysical characteristics and developmental models was investigated, aiming at making a comprehensive development plan to this area.The results showed that with the successive change in altitude across the sector of the land, the soil type, soil profile structure, underground water level, and soil temperature were characterized by five step divergence steps.The analysis on the site and area of the individual divergences showed that the low land was unsuitable for rice planting, and the land between upland and paddy should be increased for rotation and needed to be reclaimed better.After an engineering consolidation to the land, the original five divergence steps were rehabilitated into four steps, and a utilization model of "development in a step way" focused on comprehensively agricultural development and improvement in farming systems was developed, which leaded to a great advance in economic profit of this area.

Key words: Waterlogged land, Step divergence, "Development in a step way" model

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