轮作制度对水稻生长季节稻田氧化亚氮排放的影响

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 通过盆栽试验(3次重复),研究了3种主要轮作制度对稻田水稻生长季节N₂O排放的影响.结果表明,在水稻-小麦轮作中,水稻生长季节稻田N₂O-N的排放量为4.2kg·hm^-2,显著大于双季稻-小麦轮作中早稻的排放量2.2kg·hm^-2;但两者的季节平均排放通量无明显差异,分别为117和118μg·m^-2·h^-1.同时,两者都显著大于双季稻-小麦中的晚稻和持续淹水体系中的水稻生长季节稻田N₂O的平均排放通量,分别为67.0和42.1μg·m·h^-1.在前作为旱作小麦的2种水稻生长季节中,大于91%的稻田N₂O排放量都集中在水稻生长前半期;在前作为水稻的晚稻生长季节中,稻田N₂O排放量的91%集中在中期烤田及收获前水分落干阶段.轮作制度和前作水分状况极大地影响稻田N₂O的排放.

关键词: N₂O排放, 轮作制度, 水稻田, 水分管理

Abstract: Cropping systems influence nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agricultural soils.Effects of 3 rice-based cropping systems on N₂O emissions from paddy soils in pot experiment were investigated with closed chambers in triplicate.The results demonstrated that the seasonal N₂O emission rate of the rice pot under rice-wheat cropping system was obviously higher than that of the early rice pot under double rice-wheat system, being 4.21 and 2.17 kg·hm^-2, respectively.No distinct difference was observed between the seasonal average fluxes, which were 116.9 and 117.6 μg·m^·2-h^-1 respectively.Both of above mentioned seasonal average fluxes were greatly higher than that of the late rice pot under early rice-late rice-wheat cropping system and of rice pot under rice-flooding fallow system, being 67.0 and 42.1 μg·m^-2·h^-1 respectively.More than 91% of the seasonal emission was focused on the first half growing period both in the rice season in rice-wheat system and in the early rice season in double rice-wheat system in which the previous cropping was upland wheat.91% of the seasonal emission was focused on the water drainage period including the mid-season aeration and final drainage in the late rice season in double rice-wheat system in which the previous cropping was lowland rice.The results implied that cropping system and water status of previous cropping impacted N₂O emission from paddy soil.

Key words: N₂O emission, Cropping system, Paddy soil, Water regime

中图分类号:

熊正琴, 邢光熹, 施书莲, 杜丽娟. 轮作制度对水稻生长季节稻田氧化亚氮排放的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (10): 1761-1764.

XIONG Zhengqin, XING Guangxi, SHI Shulian, DU Lijuan . Effects of cropping systems on nitrous oxide emissions from paddy soils during the rice-growing season[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (10): 1761-1764.

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