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应用生态学报 ›› 2003, Vol. ›› Issue (5): 721-724.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中华蜜蜂群体越冬及数量动态特征

余林生1, 韩胜明2   

  1. 1. 安徽农业大学, 合肥 230036;
    2. 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所, 北京 100093
  • 收稿日期:2002-12-10 修回日期:2003-03-03
  • 通讯作者: 余林生,男,1964年生,副教授,主要从事蜜蜂生物学与生态学研究,发表论文38篇.Tel:0551-2846158,E-mail:yulinsheng@yahoo.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    安徽省自然科学基金资助项目(03041202)

Overwintering and size dynamic characters of Apis cerana cerana

YU Linsheng1, HAN Shengming2   

  1. 1. Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
    2. Institute of Apiculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
  • Received:2002-12-10 Revised:2003-03-03

摘要: 1998~2003年在皖南山区和皖西大别山区对中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana)群体越冬及数量动态特征进行了系统观察研究.结果表明,中蜂越冬蜂团中心温度与外界环境温度日变化同步,伴随着越冬蜂群群势下降,越冬蜂团中心温度和相对湿度波动范围增大,蜂群越冬稳定性下降.旧法饲养比新法饲养中蜂蜂群越冬稳定性强.秋季培育适龄越冬蜂的蜂群,工蜂腺体处于发育初期,越冬期蜂群群势下降率低,越冬安静,饲料消耗率低,越冬稳定性强,幽王断子提高了适龄越冬蜂数量和质量,蜂群内年龄组配在不断变化.在新法饲养中蜂季节性管理中,必须采取培育适龄越冬蜂并适时幽王断子的技术措施.

关键词: 中华蜜蜂, 越冬, 适龄越冬蜂, 幽王断子, 年龄组配, 单宁含量, 结实大小年, 种子扩散, 分散贮藏, 种子大小

Abstract: A systematic observation and research was conducted on the overwintering and size dynamic characters of Apis cerana cerana at south and west mountaneous area of Anhui Province in1998~2003. The results showed that the center temperature of overwintering bee flock changed synchronously with the outside temperature. With the decrease of overwintering bee colony, its center temperature and relative humidity ranged widely,and stably descended. Overwintering flocks fed by old method had a high stability than that fed new one.Among overwintering bee bred in Autumn,the glands of work bee were in initial stage, the descending rate of colony was low,the bee colony kept in quiet,the forage consumption was small,and the colony kept in high stability.Cutting off offspring by imprisonment improved the quantity and quality of right age overwintering bee,and the age structure of each bee population was variable.Under new feeding method of Apis cerana cerana seasonal management,the skill of breeding right age overwintering bee flock and the cutting off offspring by imprisonment should be undertaken.

Key words: Apis cerana cerana, Overwintering, Right age wintering bee, Cutting off offspring by imprisonment, Age structure, seed size, mast seeding, scatter hoarding, seed dispersal., tannin content

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