长山列岛南部三岛岩相潮间带群落多样性格局

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对长山列岛南部南长山、北长山和大黑山岛屿岩相潮间带群落种类组成的调查表明,3岛屿岩礁潮间带的群落结构差异不大,表现在决定群落结构和外貌的前5位优势种群及其优势度序列基本相同;而砾石潮间带的群落结构存在一定差异,表现在北长山群落中优势种群及其优势度序列显著地区别于南长山和大黑山,但后二者趋同.3岛屿岩礁潮间带的景观和群落外貌与结构由东方小藤壶(Chthamalus challengeri)、牡蛎(Ostrea spp.)、大型藻类和短滨螺(Littorina brevicula)控制,砾石潮间带则由东方小藤壶、大型藻类和平背蜞(Gaetice depressus)决定.群落多样性由物种丰富度(R)、均匀度(J)和多样性(H_B、H_IV、D_B、D_IV)衡量,3岛屿岩礁潮间带群落的各种多样性指数呈现一致性,群落多样性以北长山最高,大黑山最低;而砾石潮间带群落的各种多样性指数存在一定差异,南长山高于北长山和大黑山,北长山潮间带群落中物种分布的均匀度最高,南长山和大黑山趋同.比较3岛屿两种基质潮间带的群落多样性发现,砾石潮间带高于岩礁潮间带.

关键词: 氮沉降, 气孔, 潮间带, 群落多样性, 群落, 长山列岛, 大气NO₂, 氮代谢

Abstract: The diversity pattern of intertidal communities in3 southern islands of Changshan archipelago were studied.The results showed that the community appearance and structure in rocky intertidal zones of 3 islands were regimented by dominant species Chthamalus challengeri, Ostrea spp., macro algae and Littorina brevicula,while in gravel intertidal zones of Southern Changshan and Daheishan regimented by Chthamalus challengeri, Littorina brevicula, Ostrea spp., and in Northern Changshan,by Chthamalus challengeri, macro algae and Gaetice depressus .There existed no obvious difference in community structures of rocky intertidal zones among3 islands, which was demonstrated by the similarity in first 5 dominant species and their dominance ranks in the community. However,a significant difference was achieved in gravel intertidal communities,in which, the dominant species in the community at Northern Changshan differed greatly from that of others. The community diversity in R, J, D_B, D_IV, H_B' and H_IV' in rocky intertidal communities among 3 islands showed a great coincidence, Northern Changshan> Southern Changshan>Daheishan, however,little coincident results weree found among gravel intertidal communities. It was found that there existed a higher community diversity in gravel intertidal communities at Daheishan and Southern Changshan than at Northern Changshan where existed the highest species evenness.The community diversity was generally higher in gravel intertidal communities than in rocky intertidal ones. The variation in community compositions, stuctures and diversities were resulted mainly from topographical heterogeneities, substratum heterogeneities, hydrodynamics, water eutrophication and human disturbance in intertidal zones.

Key words: stomata, nitrogen metabolism., Intertidal zone, Community diversity, Community, Changshan archipelago, nitrogen deposition, atmospheric nitrogen dioxide

中图分类号:

Q145
Q959

庄树宏, 陈礼学, 王尊清. 长山列岛南部三岛岩相潮间带群落多样性格局[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, (5): 747-752.

ZHUANG Shuhong, CHEN Lixue, WANG Zunqing. Diversity patterns in intertidal communities of three southern islands of Changshan archipelago[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, (5): 747-752.

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