长白山阔叶红松林采伐迹地土壤养分含量动态研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用对比实验,对不同采伐年限的长白山阔叶红松林采伐迹地土壤养分含量变化进行了分析与研究.结果表明,不同采伐年限的采伐迹地土壤养分含量差异很大.林地土壤pH值随着伐后时问的推移而出现一个先下降后上升的过程,表层土壤在伐后5年的酸性最强,10～20 cm层土壤在伐后10年酸性最强;土壤有机质含量、全量养分含量和速效养分含量均在采伐初期2～5年增加,随后又迅速减少,尤其是表层土壤变化更为明显;土壤阳离子交换量(CEC)及交换性Ca、Mg也都表现出相同的变化趋势.因此,森林采伐后应及时人工造林、更新进行植被恢复,可将养分固定而减少和防止土壤养分的流失.

关键词: 采伐迹地, 土壤养分, 阔叶红松林, 长白山

Abstract: A comparative study was made to analyze the dynamics of soil nutrient contents in different cutting forestlands of broad-leaved Korean pine forest on Changbai Mountains.The results showed that soil nutrient contents in different forestlands with different cutting times had obvious differences.With the cutting time going on after logging,soil pH value had the trend of declining firstly and increasing afterwards.The acidity of the topsoil was the highest after cutting for five years,and that of 10～20 cm soil layer was the strongest after cutting for ten years.The organic matter content as well as the total and available contents of nutrients increased at the first 2～5 years,and then declined rapidly,especially for those in topsoils.The cation exchange capacity (CEC),exchangeable Ca and exchangeable Mg had the same trend.Therefore,after forest cutting,artificial planting and regeneration should be carried out in time to resume the vegetation to reduce and prevent soil nutrient loss.

Key words: Cutting forestland, Soil nutrient contents, Broad-leaved Korean pine forest, Changbai Mountains

中图分类号:

S714.8

周莉, 代力民, 谷会岩, 于大炮. 长白山阔叶红松林采伐迹地土壤养分含量动态研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (10): 1771-1775.

ZHOU Li, DAI Limin, GU Huiyan, YU Dapao. Dynamics of soil nutrient contents in cutting forestlands of broad-leaved Korean pine forest on Changbai Mountains[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (10): 1771-1775.

参考文献

[1] Armesto JJ, Pickett STA, McDonell MJ. 1991. Spatial heterogeneity during succession:A cyclic model of invasion and exclusion. In:Kosola J and Pickett STA. Ecological Heterogeneity. New York:Springer-Verlag.
[2] Carson WP and Barrett GW. 1988. Succession in old-field plant communities: efects of contrasting types of nutrient enrichment. Ecology, 69: 984 ～ 994
[3] Carson WP and Pickett STA. 1990. Role of resources and disturbance in the organization of an old-field plant community. Ecology,71:226～238
[4] Chen S-S(陈绍栓), Chen S-R(陈淑容), Ma X-Q(马祥庆).2001.Effects of different regeneration pattern of secondary broadleaved forest on stand composition and soil fertility. Sci Silvea Sin (林业科学), 37(6): 113～ 117(in Chinese)
[5] Cheng G-L(程国玲), Shao S-W(邵士文), Chen Y-L(陈永亮).2001. Comparison on pH change of rhizosphere soil between pure ash or larch forests and mixed forests. J Northeast For Univ (东北林业大学学报), 29(2): 102～ 104(in Chinese)
[6] Dahlgren RA, Driscoll CT. 1994. The effects of whole-tree clearcutting on soil processes at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest. Plant Soil, 158: 239 ～ 262
[7] Geng Y-Q(耿玉清), Sun X-Y(孙向阳 ), Kang X-G(亢新刚), et al. 1999. Soil fertility of different forest types in Changbai Mountains. J Beijing For Univ(北京林业大学学报), 21 (6): 97 ～ 101 (in Chinese)
[8] Gessel SP, Tweruer J. 1990. Potential nutritional problems in maintanance of long-term southern hemisphere plantation productivity.IUFRO 19th World Congress Proceedings, Canada.
[9] Goldberg DE and Miller TE. 1990. Effects of different resource additions on species diversity in an annual plant community. Ecology,71:213～225
[10] Hah J-J(韩景军), Luo J-C(罗菊春). 1999. Study on soil under spruce-fir forests in north Changbai Mountains. J Beijing For Univ (北京林业大学学报), 21(6): 35～41(in Chinese)
[11] HaoG-M(郝广明),Xu Z-X(许忠学),Yang F(杨帆),et al.2002. On the soil nutrients of cutting forest land. J Beihua Univ (北华大学学报), 3(5) :441 ～444(in Chinese)
[12] Hasmot S, Chandrika V, Kunal G. 1998. Effects of deforestation and cultivation on soil CEC and contents of exchangeable bases: A case study in Simlipal National Park, India. Plant and Soil, 204:175～181
[13] Hu Q-D(胡全德), Jiang Y-J(姜永久). 2000. The effect of different stands of Changbai Mountains on soil and ecologial environment. J Jilin Agric Univ(吉林农业大学学报), 22(2) :71 ～75(in Chinese)
[14] Jennifer DK, Wayne TS. 1997. Long-term effects of commercial sawlog harvest on soil cation concentrations.For Ecol Man, 93:1 ～ 7
[15] Kang L-L(康玲玲),Wang Y-Z(王云漳),Liu X(刘雪), et al.2003. Effect of soil and water conservation measures on soil chemical properties. Bull Soil Watet Conser (水土保持通报), 23( 1 ): 46 ～ 48 ( in Chinese )
[16] Kimmins JP. 1987. Forest Ecology. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company. 384 ～432
[17] Koh D, Chris EJ, Chiles TD. 2001. Organic matter chemistry and dynamics in clear-cut and unmmanaged hardwood forest ecosystems.Biogeochemistry, 54: 51 ～ 83
[18] Liu J-X(刘菊秀), Yu Q-F(余清发), Chu G-W(褚国伟), et al.2001. The dynamic change of soil pH value in major forests in Dinghushan. Soil Environ Sci (土壤与环境), 10( 1 ): 39 ～ 41 (in Chinese)
[19] Mohammad AH, Ahmad J and Hamid RK. 1997. Deforestation effects on soil physical and chemical properties, Lordegan, Ran. Plant and Soil, 190:301 ～308
[20] Mroz GD, Jurgensen MF and Frederick DJ. 1985. Soil nutrient changes following whole tree harvesting on tree-northern hardwood sites. Soil Soc Sci, 49:1552 ～ 1557
[21] Pausas JG. 1994. Species richness patterns in the understorey of Pyrenan Pin us sylvestris forest. J Veget Sci, 5: 517 ～ 524
[22] Schmidt MG, Schreier H, Shah PB. 1993. Factor affecting the nutrient status of forest sites in a mountain watershed in Nepal. J Soil Sci, 44:417～425
[23] Stevens MHH and Carson WP. 1999. Plant density determines species richness along an experimental fertility gradient. Ecology,80: 455 ～ 465
[24] Taiz L and Zeiger E. 1991. Plant Physiology. New York: The Benjamin/Cummings Publishing Company, Inc.
[25] The Committee of Agrochemistry, Soil Science Society of China.1983. Routine Methods for Soil and Agrochemical Analysis. Beijing: Science Press. (in Chinese)
[26] TianD-L(田大伦),FangX(方晰),Kang W-X(康文星).2003.Effects of different regeneration patterns to the deforested lands of Chinese fir plantation on the physical and chemical properties of soil. J Centr South For Univ(中南林学院学报), 23(2): 1 ～5(in Chinese)
[27] Tilman D. 1998. Plant Strategies and The Dynamics and Structure of Plant Communities. New Jersey:Princeton University Press.
[28] West DC. 1981. Forest Succession Concept and Applications. New York: Springer-Verlag. 185 ～ 211
[29] Xing C-W(邢存旺),Zhang Y-H(张艳华),Wang C-L(王春丽).1995.Study on chemical property of soil inthe mixed plantation of Larix gmelinii and Juglans mandshurica.J Northeast For Univ (东北林业大学学报),23(5):64～71(in Chinese)
[30] Xu Z-X(许忠学),Zhang D Q(张登清),Gao W-T(高文韬),et al.1996.The influence of different cutting method to the soil nutrients.J Jilin For Univ(吉林林学院学报),12(2):109～115(in Chinese)
[31] ZhangD-H(张鼎华),Ye Z-F(叶章发),FanB-Y(范必有),et al.2001.Influence of thinning on soil fertilityin artificial forests.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),12(5):672～676(in Chinese)
[32] Zhang J-F(张金发),Zheng Z(郑重),Jin Y-X(金义兴).1990.The relationship betweenthe plant communities succession and soi1 development.J Wuhan Bot Res(武汉植物学研究),8(4):325～334(in Chinese)
[33] ZhangQF(张庆费),YouW-H(由文辉),Song Y-C(宋永昌).1999.Effect of plant community succession on soil chemical propertiesinTiantong,ZhejiangProvince.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),10(1):19～22(in Chinese)