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应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (2): 269-272.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

中祁连山浅山区山地森林景观空间格局分析

杨国靖1, 肖笃宁1,2   

  1. 1. 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 730000;
    2. 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳, 110016
  • 收稿日期:2003-03-03 修回日期:2003-06-06
  • 通讯作者: 杨国靖,女,1975年生,博士生,主要从事景观生态学和生态旅游方面的学习和研究.E-mail:ygj7518@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(90102004)

Spatial pattern analysis of forest landscape in low coteau of Middle Qilian Mountains

YANG Guojing1, XIAO Duning1,2   

  1. 1. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2. Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
  • Received:2003-03-03 Revised:2003-06-06

摘要: 基于地理信息系统软件ArcGIS,数字化祁连山西水自然保护站1:100000地形图,生成研究区高程图和坡向图,并同植被图叠加,分析各景观组分在空间的分布特征,用定量分析景观结构程序Fragstats分析景观结构特征.结果表明,研究区各景观组分空间分布极不均衡,受海拔和坡向的影响非常明显.草地是面积最大、连结性和完整性最好的景观组分;青海云杉林斑块形状最为不规则,平均斑块面积小而距离近,最易因受到干扰而发生重大变化;宜林地和祁连圆柏林相对于农田、疏林地有较强的扩张特征.杨桦阔叶林各斑块相隔距离大而分散,斑块之间的邻接性很差,破碎化最为严重.

关键词: 山地森林景观, 景观格局, 景观指数, 祁连山, 西水自然保护站

Abstract: Based on the vegetation map and the relief map, using GIS and Fragstats, the spatial pattern of forest landscape of Xishui reserve in Qilian Mountains were analyzed. The results showed that the distribution of the vegetation was impacted mostly by altitude and aspect, grassland was mostly distributed on the land of altitude 2 500~2 900 m and aspect of south and southwest,Picea crassifolia forest was always in the land of altitude 2 900~3 300 m and aspect of north, northeast, east and northwest, and shrubbery was in the land of altitude 3 300~3 700 m. The grassland had the biggest area and its connectivity and integrality were the best. The biggest MPFD of Picea crassifolia forest meant that its shape was the most complicated, its mean patch area was small, and the distance between the patches was short. So Picea crassifolia forest was easy to be impacted by some disturbance. The forest suitable land and Sabina przewalskii forest showed more outstretched characteristics than farmland and land with few trees. The mean nearest-neighbor distance of the poplar forest was the biggest in all the landscape elements, so the poplar forest's fragmentized degree was the highest in all the landscape elements.

Key words: Mountain forest landscape, Landscape pattern, Landscape indices, Qilian Mountains, Xishui Natural Reserve

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