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应用生态学报 ›› 2004, Vol. ›› Issue (3): 449-452.

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

添加玉米残体对土壤-植物系统中氮素转化的影响

王淑平1,2, 周广胜1, 姜岩2, 刘孝义3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院植物所植被数量生态学重点实验室, 北京 100093;
    2. 吉林农业大学, 长春 130118;
    3. 沈阳农业大学, 沈阳 110161
  • 收稿日期:2002-09-23 修回日期:2003-04-01
  • 通讯作者: 周广胜
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G1999043407);国家自然科学基金项目(30070642,30028001,400231018);中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX1SW0112,KSCX2107);吉林省科委基金资助项目

Effect of incorporating corn residues into soil on nitrogen transformation in soil-plant ecosystem

WANG Shuping1,2, ZHOU Guangsheng1, JIANG Yan2, LIU Xiaoyi 3   

  1. 1. Laboratory of Quantitative Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China;
    2. Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
    3. Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
  • Received:2002-09-23 Revised:2003-04-01

摘要: 采用盆栽试验和15N示踪技术对黑土添加玉米残体(秸秆和根茬)土壤植物系统中氮素转化进行了研究.结果表明,玉米残体还田能够增加土壤氮素含量,减轻因其作为燃烧材料而造成的氮素损失和对大气的污染.玉米残体施入土壤,增加了土壤微生物氮含量,提高土壤氮活性,有利于土壤氮素养分的协调供应.玉米残体配施氮肥与氮肥单施相比,玉米植株氮素累积量相近,但氮素在玉米植株不同器官中的分配比例不同;添加玉米残体能够促进氮素从营养器官向籽粒中转移,提高氮素养分的利用效率.同时,添加玉米残体还可以降低土壤NO3--N的累积,减少肥料氮的损失4.7%~5.6%.

关键词: 玉米残体, 氮素转化, 土壤微生物氮, 硝态氮, 15N示踪

Abstract: Appropriate field management of crop residues can help to enhance soil productivity and nutrient recycling,and to minimize greenhouse gas emission.In this paper,a 15N tracer pot experiment was installed to study the effect of incorporating corn stalk and stubble into black soil on the nitrogen transformation in soil-plant ecosystem.The results indicated that compared with single application of N fertilizer,incorporation of corn stalk and stubble could increase soil nitrogen content and enhance its availability,and increase soil microbial nitrogen content.It also promoted the transfer of nitrogen in corn into its kernel,so as to increase the nitrogen use efficiency.Simultaneously,it reduced the content of soil NO3--N,and decreased the fertilizer nitrogen loss by 4.7~5.6%.

Key words: Corn residues, Nitrogen transformation, Soil microbial nitrogen, Nitric nitrogen, 15N tracer

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