珠江口近海浮游植物生态特征研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 1998～1999年对珠江口近海浮游植物进行了5个航次现场调查,共鉴定出浮游植物239种.其中,硅藻最多,占72.4%,甲藻次之,占23.8%,其他门类合占3.8%.种类组成以暖水种和广温种为主;优势种季节更替明显,四季的主要优势种依次为伏氏海毛藻(Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii)、柔弱菱形藻(Nitzschia delicatissima)、伏氏海毛藻、细弱海链藻(Thalassiosira subtilis).细胞密度全年变幅0.2×10⁴～2767.1×10⁴ cell·m^-3,四季平均98.7×10⁴ cell·m^-3,夏、冬季明显高于春、秋季.平面分布呈近岸明显高于谮外海趋势,密集区终年出现在西北海域上川岛附近.Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度和多样性阈值四季均值变幅分别为2.63～3.17、0.53～0.71和1.74～2.23,群落多样性水平较高,结构较稳定.

关键词: 浮游植物, 种类组成, 群落多样性, 珠江口近海

Abstract: Five cruises of phytoplankton survey were made in costal area of Pearl River estuary in 1998～1999.The results showed that 239 species were identified,72.4% of which belonging to Bacillariophyta,23.8% to Pyrrophyta,and 3.8% to others.The dominant species were warm and eurythermic species Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii,Nitzschia delicatissima,Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii and Thalassiosira subtilis,and changed with an obvious seasonal succession.The cell density ranged from 0.2×10⁴ to 2 767.1×10⁴ cell·m^-3,with an average of 98.7×10⁴ cell·m^-3,and the mean cell density was obviously higher in summer and winter than in spring and autumn.The regional variation revealed that the cell density in shore area was visibly higher than that in offshore area,and the largest density area was at the southeast of Shangchuan Island all the year around.The range of mean Shannon-Wiener index,Pielou evenness index and biodiversity threshold was 2.63～3.17,0.53～0.71 and 1.74～2.23,respectively.According to the diversity index,it was concluded that the diversity level of phytoplankton community in coastal area of Pearl River estuary was relatively high and stable.

Key words: Phytoplankton, Species composition, Community diversity, Coastal area of Pearl River estuary

中图分类号:

Q948.23

戴明, 李纯厚, 贾晓平, 张汉华, 陈瑞雯. 珠江口近海浮游植物生态特征研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2004, (8): 1389-1394.

DAI Ming, LI Chunhou, JIA Xiaoping, Zhang Hanhua, Chen Ruiwen . Ecological characteristics of phytoplankton in coastal area of Pearl River estuary[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2004, (8): 1389-1394.

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