沈阳市庭院绿地的结构特征与异质性分析

应用生态学报

沈阳市庭院绿地的结构特征与异质性分析

代保清^1，2；肖笃宁¹；王艳^1，3；纪凯²

¹中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所，沈阳 110016；²沈阳市城市建设管理局，沈阳 110015；³沈阳师范大学，沈阳 110034

收稿日期:2004-03-22 修回日期:2004-06-28 出版日期:2005-02-18

Structural characteristics and heterogeneity analysis of yard-greenbelts in Shenyang city

DAI Baoqing^1，2,XIAO Duning¹,WANG Yan^1，3,JI Kai²

¹Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016, China;²Management Department of Urban Construction of Shenyang, Shengyang 110015,China;³Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China

Received:2004-03-22 Revised:2004-06-28 Online:2005-02-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对沈阳城区庭院绿地的景观结构和格局进行了分析.结果表明，沈阳城市庭院绿地景观斑块以居住区最多，占研究区庭院总数的32.2%，但绿地面积只占19.5%.各类庭院占地平均为4.04 hm²,庭院绿地面积平均为0.93 hm²,绿地率为23%.研究区内62.7%的庭院绿地率在15%以下，绿地率达到30%以上的庭院仅占总数的13.3%.庭院绿地以微型斑块为主，占庭院总数的70%以上.景观多样性指数以居住区绿地最高，而医院和部队绿地最低.在7个城区中不同庭院绿地类型的优势度差异较大，尤其是于洪区的工厂绿地优势度是和平区的31.23倍.各区庭院绿地均匀度指数变化幅度较大，其中居住区绿地的均匀度指数最大，部队绿地最小.居住区绿地斑块破碎化程度最大，部队绿地最小；老城区较新城区破碎化程度严重，其中沈河区破碎化程度最重.

关键词: 西部干旱区, 生态需水, 地下水位, 天然植被, 塔里木河

Abstract: The analysis of the landscape and pattern of yard-greenbelts in Shenyang city indicated that residential greenbelt had the highest green path number,occupying 32.2% of all greenbelt types,but the virescence situation in residential area was the worst because its greenbelt ratio was only 19.5% in average.The average area of all yards was 4.04 hm²,with an average greenbelt of 0.93 hm²,and the green belt ratio was 23% in average that was lower than the standard established by the government.About 62.7% of all yards were lower than 15% in virescence,and 30% of them had a <13.3% of virescence.Micro-green patch was dominant (over 70%) in Shenyang yardgreenbelts. Landscape diversity index of residential areas was the highest, while that of hospital and army units was the lowest.The dominant degrees of all yardgreenbelt types in the researched 7 districts of the city were obviously different.The dominance of factory greenbelt in Yuhong district was 31.23 times of that in Heping district.The evenness indexes were also very different,the highest in residential greenbelt and the lowest in army unit.The highest fragmentation degree was in residential greenbelt and the lowest in army unit.The fragmentation degrees of old districts,especially in Shenhe district were more serious than the new districts.

Key words: West arid zone, Ecological water demand, Ground water level, Natural vegetation, Tarim River

代保清^1，2；肖笃宁¹；王艳^1，3；纪凯². 沈阳市庭院绿地的结构特征与异质性分析[J]. 应用生态学报.

DAI Baoqing^1，2,XIAO Duning¹,WANG Yan^1，3,JI Kai². Structural characteristics and heterogeneity analysis of yard-greenbelts in Shenyang city[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.

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