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紫色土外源砷的形态分配与化学、生物有效性

苗金燕1;何峰2;魏世强3;刘刚3   

  1. 1重庆交通学院,重庆400074;2重庆南岸茶园博士后科研工作站,重庆 401336;3西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆 400716
  • 收稿日期:2003-09-04 修回日期:2004-12-12 出版日期:2005-05-18

Forms and bio-availabilities of exogenous arsenic in purple soils

MIAO Jinyan1,HE Feng2,WEI Shiqiang3,LIU Gang3   

  1. 1Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;2Chayuan Postdoctoral Center of Scientific and Research,Chongqing Nan′an 401336, China;3College of Resources and Environment Science,Southwest Agriculture Univer

    sity,Ch

    ongqing 400716,China

  • Received:2003-09-04 Revised:2004-12-12 Online:2005-05-18

摘要: 采用盆栽试验与化学分析相结合的方法研究了外源As在酸性、中性、钙质紫色土中的形态分配及其化学、生物有效性特征.结果表明,土壤本底As 68%~86%为残留态,外源As加入10 d后50.2%~61.1%转化为残留态,至收获期(60 d)仅增1%~2%.酸性紫色土中活性态As分配为:A(交换态)-As>Al-As>Fe-As>Ca-As;中性紫色土:A-As>Al-As>Ca-As>Fe-As;石灰性紫色土:A-As>Ca-As>Al-As>Fe-As.浸提剂HCl、NaHCO3、NH4Cl对土壤As的提取能力不同,与植物吸收As的相关性也有差异.NH4Cl主要提取交换态As,对土壤As的原有形态影响最小,与植株吸收量呈极显著相关,可作为不同土壤有效As的通用浸提剂.多元回归表明,酸性紫色土决定植株吸As量的是Al-As和Fe-As,中性、石灰性紫色土为A-As和Ca-As.试验发现,Al-As分级时存在F-的干扰,1 mol·L-1 H3BO3可有效掩蔽.

关键词: 景观生态评价, 景观生态规划, 地理信息系统

Abstract: This study showed that after As was added into purple soils for 10 days, 50.2%~61.1% of it transformed into residual As,occupying 68%~86% in original soils.For acid purple soil,the As forms were Al-As >Fe-As>Ca-As;for neutral purple soil,they were Ca-As>Al-As>Ca-As>Fe-As>A-As,and for calcic purple soil,they were Ca-As>Al-As>Fe-As>A-As.It is suggested that NH4Cl could be used as common extractant for different soils,because it slightly affected original As forms in soils,and showed a highly significant correlation (P=0.01) to plant absorption.From pluralistic regressive analysis of plant As content and each As form,Al-As and Fe-As were the main available forms in acid purple soil,but A-As and Ca-As were the most important fractions in neutral and calcic purple soils.The study also showed that H3BO3 could restrain the F interference in the operation of As speciation separations.

Key words: Landscape ecological assessment, Landscape ecological planning, GIS