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昼间亚高温对日光温室番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响

张洁 李天来 徐晶   

  1. 沈阳农业大学园艺学院,辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳 110161
  • 收稿日期:2004-04-22 修回日期:2004-10-18 出版日期:2005-06-18

Effects of daytime sub-high temperature on greenhouse tomato growth, development,yield and quality

ZHANG Jie,LI Tianlai,XU Jing   

  1. Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Liaoning Province,Department of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China
  • Received:2004-04-22 Revised:2004-10-18 Online:2005-06-18

摘要: 针对日光温室番茄生产中常出现的昼间温度偏高而带来的危害,以昼间适宜温度25 ℃为对照,在番茄第1花序开花后对其进行昼间30和35 ℃的温度处理,研究昼间亚高温对番茄生长发育、产量及品质的影响.结果表明,与25 ℃适宜昼温相比,在3 d短期35 ℃昼间亚高温处理下,番茄植株相对生长速率极显著提高,但在7 d以上长期35 ℃昼间亚高温处理下,番茄植株徒长,叶片变薄,并出现早衰现象;同时经35 ℃亚高温处理,番茄果实前期发育加快,成熟期提前,但果实空洞现象增加,糖酸比下降,平均单果重下降,总产量显著降低,第3花序各处理间差异最明显,第2花序次之.昼间30 ℃温度处理的结果介于昼间25和35 ℃处理之间,说明番茄植株长期生长在被认为是其生长发育适宜温度上限的35 ℃条件下,也会严重影响其正常生长发育,而且从花芽分化到果实成熟亚高温持续时间越长,番茄果实产量越低,品质越差.

关键词: 草原, 自由放牧, 吸收和排放

Abstract: The study on the effects of daytime sub?high temperature (30 and 35 ℃) in spring and autumn on the growth,development,yield and quality of greenhouse tomato in northeast China showed that compared with the plant growing under feasible temperature 25 ℃,three days' daytime sub-high temperature increased the relative growth significantly,and made the plant spindling.Seven days or more sub-high temperature made the plant grow fast,with thinner leaves and presenility.Under sub-high temperature,the harvest time was earlier,the fruit weight and the 2nd and 3rd inflorescence lessened,the quality of fruit decreased,and the yield decreased significantly. Sub-high temperature had a strong influence on the normal growth and development of greenhouse tomato.The longer the plant suffered sub-high temperature from flower bud differentiation to fruit maturing,the worse the fruit quality,and the lower the yield would be.

Key words: Grassland, Free grazing, Uptake and emission