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三种兽药添加剂对土壤赤子爱胜蚓的毒理学研究

曲甍甍1 徐韵1 陈海刚1 李兆利1 孙立伟1 徐迪今1 孔志明1 杉浦则夫2   

  1. 1南京大学环境学院 污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,南京 210093;2日本筑波大学 农林工学系,筑波 305?8572,日本
  • 收稿日期:2004-06-29 修回日期:2004-11-19 出版日期:2005-06-18

Toxicological study of three veterinary drugs on Eisenia foetida

QU Mengmeng1,XU Yun1,CHEN Haigang1,LI Zhaoli1,SUN Liwei1,XU Dijin1, KONG Zhiming1,SUGIURA Norio2   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse,School of Environment,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;2Institute of Agricultural and Forest Engineering,University of Tsukuba,Tsukuba 305-8572,Japan

  • Received:2004-06-29 Revised:2004-11-19 Online:2005-06-18

摘要: 喹乙醇、阿散酸和土霉素是应用极广的兽药添加剂,在畜牧业的发展中起着特殊的作用,但其使用不当或过量使用会给环境带来很大危害.采用土壤中的重要生物赤子爱胜蚓作为生物材料,分别研究了喹乙醇、阿散酸和土霉素对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性和对赤子爱胜蚓体腔细胞DNA的损伤.结果表明,喹乙醇溶液法LC50>2 000 mg·L-1,滤纸法LC50>5.71×10-2 mg·cm-2,而阿散酸和土霉素在所设最大受试剂量内没有毒性.单细胞凝胶电泳试验结果表明,阿散酸没有引起蚯蚓体腔细胞DNA明显损伤;喹乙醇和土霉素均能引起一定程度的DNA损伤,中、高剂量组与阴性对照相比有极显著差异(P<0.01).因此,有必要加强对以上兽药添加剂,特别是喹乙醇和土霉素的管理,控制用药时间和剂量,以确保人体健康和环境安全.

关键词: Bt抗虫棉, 生态风险, 抗虫性, 害虫综合治理, 安全性评价

Abstract: By the methods of acute toxicity test and single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay),this paper evaluated the toxicological effects of three veterinary drugs olaquindox,arsanilic acid and oxytetracycline on earthworm (Eisenia foetida) coelomocytes in vivo.The results of acute toxicity test showed that only the highest dose of olaquidox caused the death of some earthworms,and none of the test drugs had any effects on earthworm at their environmentally relevant concentrations.The comet assay indicated that arsanilic acid had no genotoxicity to earthworm,while olaquindox and oxytetracycline induced significant DNA damage in earthworm coelomocytes (P<0.01).

Key words: Bt transgenic cotton, Ecological risk, Risk assessment, Insect resistance, IPM