黄土高原吕二沟流域侵蚀产沙对土地利用变化的响应

应用生态学报

黄土高原吕二沟流域侵蚀产沙对土地利用变化的响应

张志强¹ 王盛萍¹ 孙阁² 张满良³ 李建劳³

¹北京林业大学水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京 100083; ²Southern Global Change Program,USDA ForestService, Raleigh,NC 27606,USA；³水利部黄河水利委员会天水水土保持试验站，天水 741000

收稿日期:2005-04-08 修回日期:2005-05-24 出版日期:2005-09-18

Response of sediment production to land-use change in Luergou watershed of Loess Plateau

ZHANG Zhiqiang¹,WANG Shengping¹,SUN Ge²,ZHANG Manliang³,LI Jianlao³

¹Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating of Education Ministry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083, China;²Southern Global Change Program,USDA Forest Service, Raleigh,NC 27606,USA;³Tianshui Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Station, Yellow River Water Resources Commission of Water Resources Ministry, Tianshui 741000,China

Received:2005-04-08 Revised:2005-05-24 Online:2005-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究了甘肃天水黄土高原吕二沟流域土地利用变化对流域产沙的影响.结果表明,与1982年相比，1989年该流域林草面积增加约5%，梯田增加2.09%，裸地略有增加，坡耕地减少约1.5%，灌木林略有减少.1998～2000年,在植被覆被增加、陡坡坡耕地减少情况下，随降水增多，其减沙效应明显，如803 mm和786 mm降雨条件下，后期较前期(1982～1989年)分别减少85 326 t和52 937 t，降水较少，减沙效应较不明显；从年内含沙量变化来看，后期土地利用的减沙效应主要集中在5～10月，与降水的季节分配一致，各月降水越多，月日均含沙量减少越多，50 mm的月降水月日均含沙量减少6 kg·m^-3,100 mm月降水月日均含沙量减少12 kg·m^-3.两期土地利用在重现期小于5年时,后期土地利用洪水含沙量较前期稍大，主要由于两期的降水频率分布曲线不一致;若两期降水频率分布曲线一致，则同一频率降水产洪的洪水含沙量后期将小于前期.

关键词: 刺槐林, 间伐改造, 间伐强度

Abstract: The study on the effects of different land use patterns on the sediment production in Luergou watershed of Loess Plateau indicated that in comparing with 1982,the areas of forest and grass and of terrace in 1989 increased by 5% and 2.09%,respectively,while that of slope plowland decreased by 1.5%,with the area of naked land and shrubbery respectively increased and decreased a little.During 1998～2000,with the increase of vegetation cover and the decrease of steep slope plowland,the sediment production reduced significantly under high precipitation,85 326 and 52 937 t under the precipitation of 803 and 786 mm,respectively,and not distinguishable in dry years.The reduction effect had a strong seasonality, which consisted with rainfall distribution.For example,in a month with 50 mm precipitation,the mean daily sediment concentration was reduced by 6 kg·m^-3, while in a month with 100 mm precipitation,the reduction was 12 kg·m^-3. Rainfall intensity also played an important role in soil erosion and sediment production,regardless of land use conditions.

Key words: Robinia pseudoacacia forest, Thinning improvement, Thinning intensity

张志强¹ 王盛萍¹ 孙阁² 张满良³ 李建劳³. 黄土高原吕二沟流域侵蚀产沙对土地利用变化的响应[J]. 应用生态学报.

ZHANG Zhiqiang¹,WANG Shengping¹,SUN Ge²,ZHANG Manliang³,LI Jianlao³. Response of sediment production to land-use change in Luergou watershed of Loess Plateau[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.

[1]	冯泳翰, 闫珏, 郭钰, 赵怡, 董媛, 梁文俊, 魏曦, 毕华兴. 间伐强度对华北落叶松天然更新的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(5): 1169-1177.
[2]	张海龙, 武润琴, 李佳佳, 王睿强, 夏侯龙, 杨春霞, 上官周平. 根系分泌物C∶N对刺槐林地土壤理化特征和土壤呼吸的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2022, 33(4): 949-956.
[3]	吴雪铭, 余新晓, 陈丽华, 贾国栋, 邱云霄, 彭修文. 间伐强度对坝上樟子松林下持水能力的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(7): 2347-2354.
[4]	韦景树, 李宗善, 冯晓玙, 张园, 陈维梁, 伍星, 焦磊, 王晓春. 黄土高原人工刺槐林生长衰退的生态生理机制 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(7): 2433-2444.
[5]	黄财智, 张文辉, 邢忠利, 余碧云, 叶权平, 薛文艳. 间伐强度对黄桥林区辽东栎生殖构件的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(12): 3838-3844.
[6]	黄财智, 张文辉, 李罡, 于世川, 尤健健. 间伐强度对黄桥林区辽东栎林结实规律的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(11): 3413-3419.
[7]	周靖靖,赵忠**,刘金良,赵青侠,赵君. 基于快鸟影像纹理特性的刺槐林叶面积指数估算 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(5): 1266-1274.
[8]	冉然,张文辉**,何景峰,周建云. 间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎天然林种群更新的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(3): 695-701.
[9]	冉然,张文辉**,周建云,何景峰. 间伐强度对秦岭南坡栓皮栎种子库及实生苗生长的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2013, 24(6): 1494-1500.
[10]	王克勤, 王斌瑞. 黄土高原刺槐林间伐改造研究 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (1): 11-15.
[11]	王克勤, 王斌瑞. 黄土高原刺槐林间伐改造研究 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2002, (1): 11-15.
[12]	邓仕坚, 张家武, 陈楚莹, 李锦芳, 罗桂标. 间伐强度对杉木－火力楠混交林生长影响的研究初报 [J]. 应用生态学报, 1995, 6(3): 231-236.