洞庭湖湿地土壤碳、氮、磷及其与土壤物理性状的关系

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以洞庭湖3类典型湿地的8个土壤剖面为代表,研究了土壤碳、氮、磷,微生物量碳、氮、磷和土壤物理性状的分布特征.结果表明,土壤表层有机碳含量为19.63～50.20 g·kg^-1,微生物量碳为424.63～1 597.36 mg·kg^-1,微生物量碳占有机碳的比例为3.17%～4.82%;土壤表层全氮1.85～4.45 g·kg^-1,微生物量氮5.90～259.47 mg·kg^-1,微生物量氮占全氮的比例3.13%～6.42%;土壤表层微生物量磷含量顺序为:湖草洲滩地(200.99 mg·kg^-1)＞垦殖水田(163.27 mg·kg^-1)＞芦苇洲滩地(24.16 mg·kg^-1),微生物量磷占全磷的比例为1.09%～11.20%;土壤表层容重0.65～1.04 g·cm^-3;土壤表层粘粒(＜0.001mm)26.24%～39.48%.土壤表层有机碳、全氮、微生物量氮、微生物量磷的含量,湖草洲滩地＞垦殖水田＞芦苇洲滩地.土壤表层微生物量碳,垦殖水田和湖草洲滩地接近,而大于芦苇湿地;土壤表层容重,芦苇洲滩地＞垦殖水田＞湖草洲滩地;土壤表层＜0.01 mm、＜0.001 mm粘粒,湖草洲滩地、芦苇洲滩地＞垦殖水田.湿地土壤剖面中有机碳、微生物量碳、全氮、微生物量氮、微生物量磷、容重以及微生物量碳占有机碳的比例、微生物量氮占全氮的比例、微生物量磷占全磷的比例均随深度的增加而降低,至一定深度稳定,而土壤全磷在剖面上下的差异很小.湿地土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷之间呈极显著的正相关关系;土壤容重与有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳、氮、磷之间呈极显著指数负相关关系.湿地土壤＜0.001 mm粘粒与有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳、氮、磷含量呈极显著对数正相关关系.

关键词: 湿地, 土壤微生物量碳氮磷, 容重, 粘粒, 土壤剖面

Abstract: Eight representative soil profiles were installed on three types of wetland (two profiles on Carex spp.-dominated floodplain,four on Phragmites-dominated floodplain,and two on paddy soil) in Dongting Lake floodplain of China in 2004,and their C,N and P contents,microbial biomass C,N and P,<0.001 mm clay particles,and bulk density were measured.The results indicated the spatial distribution of soil C and N and soil microbial biomass C,N,and P were very similar in the profiles (0～100 cm) of three types of wetland,being decreased gradually with depth,except for soil TP which was constant in the profiles.The percentages of soil microbial biomass C,N and P to soil organic C,total nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased gradually with depth.In top layer (0～10 cm),the contents of soil organic C and microbial biomass C and the percentage of soil microbial biomass C to organic C were 19.63～50.20 g·kg^-1,424.63～1 597.36 mg·kg^-1,and 3.17%～4.82%,respectively,the contents of soil total N and microbial biomass N and the percentage of soil microbial biomass N to total N were 1.85～4.45 g·kg^-1,57.90～259.47 mg·kg^-1,and 3.13%～6.42%,respectively,and the content of soil microbial biomass P and the percentage of soil microbial biomass P to soil total P was 24.16～200.99 mg·kg^-1 and 1.09%～11.20%,respectively.The bulk density of soil top layer (0～10 cm) was 0.65～1.04 g·cm^-3,and the content of <0.001 mm clay particles was 26.24%～39.48%.The contents of soil organic C and N and microbial biomass N and P in 0～10 cm layer were the highest in Carex spp.-dominated floodplain,followed by paddy soil,and Phragmites-dominated floodplain.Also in 0～10 cm layer,the soil microbial biomass C in Carex spp.-dominated floodplain and paddy soil was higher than that in Phragmites-dominated floodplain,while the soil bulk density in Phragmites-dominated floodplain was higher than that in paddy soil,and much higher than that in Carex spp.-dominated floodplain.The amount of soil <0.001 mm clay particles in Carex spp.-dominated floodplain and Phragmites-dominated floodplain was higher than that in paddy soil.In these three types of wetland,soil organic C and N and microbial biomass C,N and P had a significant logarithm correlation (P<0.01) with <0.001 mm clay particles,and a significant index correlation (P<0.01) with bulk density.

Key words: Wetland, Soil microbial biomass C, N, and P, Bulk density, Soil clay granule, Profiles

中图分类号:

S153.6

彭佩钦, 张文菊, 童成立, 仇少君, 张文超. 洞庭湖湿地土壤碳、氮、磷及其与土壤物理性状的关系[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(10): 1872-1878.

PENG Peiqin, ZHANG Wenju, TONG Chengli, QIU Shaojun, ZHANG Wenchao. Soil C,N and P contents and their relationships with soil physical properties in wetlands of Dongting Lake floodplain[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(10): 1872-1878.

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