虚拟水在农业生态系统中的作用与贡献分析

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (11): 2108-2111.

虚拟水在农业生态系统中的作用与贡献分析

柳文华, 董仁才, 邓红兵

中国科学院生态环境研究中心系统生态重点实验室, 北京 100085

收稿日期:2004-12-14 修回日期:2005-05-23 出版日期:2005-11-15 发布日期:2005-11-15
通讯作者: 柳文华,女,1976生,博士研究生.主要从事区域环境可持续发展研究,发表论文多篇.E-mail:
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX₃-SW-423)、国家自然科学基金项目(70403014)和欧盟资助项目(ICA4-CT-2002-10004).

Analysis on the role and endowment of virtual water in agricultural ecosystem

LIU Wenhua, DONG Rencai, DENG Hongbing

Key Laboratory of Systems Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China

Received:2004-12-14 Revised:2005-05-23 Online:2005-11-15 Published:2005-11-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 水是农业生态系统中最重要的组成要素之一,也是粮食生产的一个重要安全保证,在确保粮食资源持续供应增长人口的需求中起到了根本的作用.文中分析了虚拟水的政策内涵,并依据对我国过去20年粮食生产与进口替代趋势的分析和国内外的粮食生产条件,估算出1980～2000年,小麦进口每年有10.2×10⁹ m³水和27.7×10⁶ hm²土地输入,玉米进口约有0.3×10⁹m³水和1.6×10⁶ hm²土地被间接利用.这对缓解我国农业用水和耕地资源紧张状况,灵活利用粮食贸易进口,解决粮食生产中的用水困境,利用虚拟水进口来补偿水资源的贡献率,具有重要的现实意义.

关键词: 农业用水, 补偿, 粮食贸易, 水资源, 政策相关性

Abstract: Water is one of the most important components of agricultural ecosystem,and also a source of food security,which plays an essential role in ensuring sustainable food resources for a growing population.In this study,the policy relevancy of virtual water was addressed,with food production,alternative trend of import,and product condition analyzed.The results showed that an average of 10.2?10⁹ m³ water and 27.7?10⁶ hm² land was transferred by imported wheat,while an average of 0.3?10⁹ m³ water and 1.6?10⁶ hm² land was transferred by imported maize.The sum of virtual water equivalent was 10.5?10⁹ m³.It's of significance to alleviate the pressure of water stress in agriculture and arable land,help to resolve water predication of food production by food imports,and compensate water endowment.

Key words: Agricultural water use, Compensation, Food trade, Water resource, Policy relevancy

中图分类号:

F304
X22

柳文华, 董仁才, 邓红兵. 虚拟水在农业生态系统中的作用与贡献分析[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(11): 2108-2111.

LIU Wenhua, DONG Rencai, DENG Hongbing . Analysis on the role and endowment of virtual water in agricultural ecosystem[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(11): 2108-2111.

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